【浅表超声】生殖 | 睾丸网状扩张症

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                    <section data-style-type="4" data-tools="新媒体排版" data-id="2141"><section><p><p><img src="image/20200927/1e24a585637b35e095107a6b0854a642_1.png" /></p></p></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><strong><span>睾丸网状扩张症</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><strong><span>第一章 &nbsp;疾病介绍</span></strong></p><p><em><span>chapter &nbsp;one</span></em></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;睾丸网状扩张症又称睾丸网囊状变形或睾丸网管状扩张，临床较少见，一般见于老年患者，是一种病因尚不明确、以睾丸网不同程度扩张的一种病症，多为双侧睾丸受累，为良性病变，无需进行特殊治疗。</p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section>&nbsp;</section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><strong><span>第二章 &nbsp;病变基础</span></strong></p><p><em><span>chapter &nbsp;two</span></em></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; 睾丸表面覆以浆膜，即鞘膜脏层，深层为致密纤维结缔组织构成的白膜，白膜在睾丸后缘增厚形成睾丸纵膈，纵膈的纤维结缔组织呈放射状伸入睾丸实质内形成睾丸小隔，将睾丸分成250个小叶，每个小叶内有1——4条弯曲细长的生精小管。小叶顶端的精曲小管变成短而直的直精小管，进入睾丸纵膈内彼此相互吻合，交织成网状即为睾丸网。由睾丸网发出的10——15条输出小关构成附睾头部，输出小管汇集成一条附睾管，迂回盘曲于附睾体尾部。生精小管产生的精子经直精小管和睾丸网出睾丸进入附睾。</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<strong>该病的病因尚不明确，有研究提出该病的发生可能与机械性梗阻或周围组织压迫有关。</strong>Colangelo SM等研究中10%-55%的睾丸网扩张症患者有输精管堵塞的病史；Nistal等在尸检中发现26例睾丸网扩张症中其中20例有附睾或睾丸内输出管的堵塞。</p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section>&nbsp;</section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><span>第三章 &nbsp;超声表现</span></p><p><em><span>chapter &nbsp;three</span></em></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; 超声表现为睾丸实质内大小不等、呈网格状或蜂窝状的无回声包块，边界清楚，壁薄，与正常睾丸组织分界清晰，主要分布于睾丸纵膈区域，CDFI：包块内通常无血流信号。</p><p><p><img src="image/20200927/c55d44b1e5807305334c85fe33fd5591_2.png" /></p></p><p><p><img src="image/20200927/628e348877635a33b4a222667ea1637e_3.png" /></p></p><p><p><img src="image/20200927/b0847b8fda8d86cbea6e7750a36848fa_4.png" /></p></p><p><p><img src="image/20200927/55d50976f25c07e321ceff9cd72959f1_5.png" /></p></p><p><span><strong>图片来源：爱爱医@<span>songjunrui</span></strong></span></p><p><br  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><strong><span>第四章 &nbsp;鉴别诊断</span></strong></p><p><em><span>chapter &nbsp;four</span></em></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><strong>&nbsp; ①精索静脉曲张：彩色多普勒超声可进行鉴别；</strong></p><p><strong>&nbsp; &nbsp;②囊性畸胎瘤：多表现为睾丸内囊实混合性包块，超声可有“葱皮样”的特征性表现。</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section data-style-type="7" data-tools="新媒体排版" data-id="8562"><p><p><img src="image/20200927/f59653204ea8008cb903faa3608369aa_6.png" /></p><br  /></p></section><p><br  /></p><p><br  /></p><p><br  /></p><p>本文素材来源：超声技术与诊断</p><p>整理：（公众号）<br  /></p><p><br  /></p><p><br  /></p></section></section></section>