【建议收藏】7例岛津胃肠X线机故障分析与维修

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                    <section data-role="outer" label="Powered by gulangu"><p><p><img src="image/20200927/7768e572e4fd34f0d00e4289208506e8_1.png" /></p><br  /></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>岛津VS20-D型<span></span></span><span>数字胃肠X线机</span><span>是一款专用于胃肠透视、摄影检查的全摇篮型胃肠X线机。</span><br  /></p><p><br  /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="87657"><section><section data-width="24%"><section><section><section><section><br  /><br  /><br  /></section><section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-width="30%"><section><section><section><span>故障一</span></section></section></section></section><section data-width="24%"><section><section><section><section></section><section><br  /><br  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="85955"><section><br  /><section><section data-bcless="darken"><br  /><br  /></section><section data-bcless="darken"></section></section><section data-bcless="darken"><section data-bcless="darken"><p><span>（1）故障现象 ：检查床由水平位向垂直位旋转到45°~90°范围内时，<strong><span>点片架不能进行上升和下降</span></strong>；在&nbsp;0°~45°范围内旋转时，点片架可以进行上升和下降 ；当处于水平位置时，点片架上下运行正常。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>（2）故障分析及检修&nbsp;：根据故障现象判断，带动点片架运动的电机工作正常，而控制电机转动的信号不正常。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>检查并测量各机械限位开关，工作均正常。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>由于检查床在某一范围内旋转时工作是正常的，故障发生与检查床旋转的角度有关，因此<span><strong>怀疑</strong></span><span><strong>从床基座连接到点片架的电缆有断路，导致控制信号不能传送至电机</strong></span>。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>经过测量，<strong><span>发现检查床控制板上的插座CN70连接到点片架的多芯电缆中+15、K10、108&nbsp;三根芯线断路</span></strong>，折断部位在电缆上段打折处。&nbsp;</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>用多芯电缆中的备用芯线重新焊接到故障端子，通电试机，工作正常，故障修复。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>（3）讨论&nbsp;：在使用胃肠机对患者进行检查时，设备始终处于不同角度的旋转动态观察中，<strong><span>由于长期的旋转运动，导致检查床基座到点片架之间的连接电缆在旋转轴处容易发生芯线的断裂</span></strong>。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>维修或更换电缆时，一定要保证每根电缆预留的长度匹配合适，避免某一根电缆张力过大引发芯线断裂，导致设备故障。</span></p><p><br  /></p></section></section><section><section data-bcless="darken"></section><section data-bcless="darken"></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="87657"><section><section data-width="24%"><section><section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-width="30%"><section><section><section><span>故障二</span></section></section></section></section><section data-width="24%"><section><section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="85955"><section><section><section data-bcless="darken"></section><section data-bcless="darken"></section></section><section data-bcless="darken"><section data-bcless="darken"><p><span>（1）故障现象：<strong><span>大床</span></strong>从垂直位向水平位逆时针旋转到45°左右时停止，<strong><span>不能旋转到达水平位置</span></strong>。<strong><span>小床</span></strong>只能向逆时针方向旋转，<strong><span>不能向顺时针方向旋转</span></strong>。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>（2）故障分析及检修：<strong><span>首先检查并测量各机械限位开关</span></strong>，发现大床底座下面限位开关S2接触不良。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>更换新开关，通电试机，大床旋转正常，故障排除。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>由于小床单向旋转正常，判定电机正常，<strong><span>怀疑控制信号异常</span></strong>。按下小床顺时针旋转开关，<strong><span>测量电机49脚电压为&nbsp;0 V</span></strong>，因此电机不工作。继续测量&nbsp;CN44&nbsp;的&nbsp;49&nbsp;脚电压为100 V正常，<strong><span>测量CN2&nbsp;到&nbsp;CN44&nbsp;之间的多芯电缆，发现&nbsp;49&nbsp;号芯线断路</span></strong>，用多芯电缆中的备用芯线重新焊接到故障端子，通电试机，工作正常，故障修复。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>（3）讨论：在患者检查过程中，当检查床到达某一特定角度或极限位置时，机械限位开关被压合导致电机电源断开，停止旋转。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><strong><span>长期使用会导致某些限位开关触点接触不良，产生断路故障。</span></strong></p><p><br  /></p></section></section><section><section data-bcless="darken"></section><section data-bcless="darken"></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="87657"><section><section data-width="24%"><section><section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-width="30%"><section><section><section><span>故障三</span></section></section></section></section><section data-width="24%"><section><section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="85955"><section><section><section data-bcless="darken"></section><section data-bcless="darken"></section></section><section data-bcless="darken"><section data-bcless="darken"><p><span>（1）故障现象：<strong><span>当小床旋转到中心位置时，不能继续旋转或向相反方向旋转，在其他位置可以正常旋转。</span></strong></span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>（2）故障分析及检修：仔细观察，当小床旋转到中心位置时，压开限位开关&nbsp;S8。此时，不论向哪个方向旋转控制手柄，继电器&nbsp;R16-1&nbsp;均无动作，小床不转动。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>正常状态下，当逆时针旋转小床时，继电器&nbsp;R14-2、R16-1、R17&nbsp;动作。当顺时针旋转小床时，继电器&nbsp;R15-2、R16-1、R17&nbsp;动作。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>继电器&nbsp;R16-1线圈供电受控于控制台侧小床旋转中心位置开关，当该开关被按下时，小床旋转到中心位置后自动停止在中心位。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>抬起中心位置开关按钮，小床可以自由旋转 不受中心位置开关限制。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>经仔细检查，<strong><span>发现主控制台侧由于连接电缆过重导致插座松脱接触不良，使继电器R16-1&nbsp;线圈失电不工作</span></strong>，因此小床不能旋转。重新固定电缆，使插座接触良好，故障排除。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>（3）讨论：该故障是&nbsp;1&nbsp;例意外故障，从故障现象看很容易判断成限位开关或继电器的硬件故障。因此在实际检修过程中<strong><span>要对故障部位的外观进行仔细检查，必要时要进行电参数的测量以帮助确定故障元件。</span></strong></span></p><p><br  /></p></section></section><section><section data-bcless="darken"></section><section data-bcless="darken"></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="87657"><section><section data-width="24%"><section><section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-width="30%"><section><section><section><span>&nbsp;</span><span>故障四</span></section></section></section></section><section data-width="24%"><section><section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="85955"><section><section><section data-bcless="darken"></section><section data-bcless="darken"></section></section><section data-bcless="darken"><section data-bcless="darken"><p><span>（1）故障现象：<strong><span>小床下沉约10 cm，小床底座与机架贴在一起，无法转动。</span></strong></span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>（2）故障分析及检修：从故障现象判断，机械故障可能性大。拆开小床的底部盖板，检查支撑小床的轴承，<strong><span>发现轴承的轴套松脱，滚珠破损脱落</span></strong>。更换新轴承，故障排除。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>（3）讨论：在发生机械故障时，<strong><span>首先应断开电源，检查设备的机械传动部件是否正常</span></strong>。<strong><span>同时尝试用手转动传动部件，以确定是机械故障还是控制电路故障</span></strong>。避免在机械故障的情况下，贸然加电而导致电机烧毁或控制电路故障。</span></p><p><br  /></p></section></section><section><section data-bcless="darken"></section><section data-bcless="darken"></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="87657"><section><section data-width="24%"><section><section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-width="30%"><section><section><section><span>故障五</span></section></section></section></section><section data-width="24%"><section><section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="85955"><section><br  /><section><section data-bcless="darken"></section><section data-bcless="darken"></section></section><section data-bcless="darken"><section data-bcless="darken"><p><span>（1）故障现象：<strong><span>开机工作&nbsp;1 h&nbsp;左右，电视中心控制盒内蜂鸣器开始啸叫，透视无图像，显示器显示横向宽幅黑白条纹。</span></strong></span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>（2）故障分析及检修：透视时，X&nbsp;线发生指示灯点亮，指示有X线发生。<strong><span>首先用一块IP板进行摄影曝光</span></strong>，结果CR扫描图像正常。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>因此排除X线系统故障，<strong><span>怀疑故障在电视控制系统</span></strong>。检查摄像头，发现其顶端的小风扇不转，测量风扇输入电压为0 V。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><strong><span>继续检查发现电视中心控制盒电源无输出</span></strong><span>，同时发现控制盒内灰尘很多，过滤网已被灰尘堵死。<strong><span>怀疑故障原因为控制盒内温度过高，导致过热保护电路工作，引发蜂鸣器啸叫报警</span></strong>。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>关机断开电源，用吸尘器清理控制盒内部灰尘，清洗滤网，重新开机，故障排除。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>（3）讨论：设备在使用过程中，<strong><span>应该定期进行保养，主要是进行除尘确保散热良好</span></strong>。在设备报警时，<strong><span>首先怀疑保护电路触发工作，导致的故障；维修时应该重点检查报警电路。</span></strong></span></p><p><br  /></p></section></section><section><section data-bcless="darken"></section><section data-bcless="darken"></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="87657"><section><section data-width="24%"><section><section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-width="30%"><section><section><section><span>&nbsp;</span><span>故障六</span></section></section></section></section><section data-width="24%"><section><section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="85955"><section><section><section data-bcless="darken"></section><section data-bcless="darken"></section></section><section data-bcless="darken"><section data-bcless="darken"><p><span>（1）故障现象：<strong><span>在进行透视的过程中，移动压迫器进行腹部按压时，压迫器断电，停止工作。</span></strong></span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>（2）故障分析及检修：<strong><span>首先打开点片架后盖面板，检查发现连接&nbsp;12 V&nbsp;电源的黑色软导线脱落并缠夹在电机齿轮中</span></strong>，绝缘皮破损、芯线断裂。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>将电缆从电机齿轮中慢慢取出，重新接好电缆并固定。通电试机，工作正常，故障排除。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>（3）讨论：该故障比较特殊，<strong><span>固定导线的不干胶扣脱落，导致电源线被电机齿轮绞断，造成断路故障</span></strong>。</span></p><p><br  /></p></section></section><section><section data-bcless="darken"></section><section data-bcless="darken"></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="87657"><section><section data-width="24%"><section><section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-width="30%"><section><section><section><span>故障七</span></section></section></section></section><section data-width="24%"><section><section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="85955"><section><br  /><section><section data-bcless="darken"></section><section data-bcless="darken"></section></section><section data-bcless="darken"><section data-bcless="darken"><p><span>（1）故障现象：透视正常，点片摄影时显示错误信息：“measured KV error，Radio over current”。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><strong><span>当按下手开关进行曝光时，控制台上曝光准备指示灯“ready”点亮，但是听不到旋转阳极转动的声音，无X线发生。</span></strong></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>（2）故障分析及检修：根据故障代码提示，<strong><span>怀疑球管故障</span></strong>。首先，测量球管阳极端转子X-Y电压值为290 V， 在正常值范围，但球管阳极不转动，<strong><span>判定球管旋转阳极轴故障卡死</span></strong>。更换新球管，故障排除。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>（3）讨论：当机器提示高压或毫安错误时，<strong><span>应该首先鉴别是高压控制电路故障还是球管故障。若怀疑球管故障，应区分是旋转阳极故障还是灯丝故障。</span></strong></span></p><p><br  /></p></section></section><section><section data-bcless="darken"></section><section data-bcless="darken"></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="87657"><section><section data-width="24%"><section><section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-width="30%"><section><section><section><span>小结</span></section></section></section></section><section data-width="24%"><section><section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="85955"><section><br  /><span>遥控胃肠</span><span>&nbsp;X&nbsp;</span><span>线机在使用过程中，由于经常旋转，上下移动，导致机械限位开关接触不良、线缆断裂、机械轴承 磨损等故障。</span><section data-bcless="darken"><section data-bcless="darken"><p><br  /></p><p><span>由于有些故障的现象非常接近，甚至故障现象相同，在维修时要仔细鉴别，确保高效准确排除故障。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>另外，在检查过程中造影剂等异物会污染设备，导致设备产生伪影或发生短路故障。因此，<strong><span>要经常对设备进行清洁保养，避免发生故障或扩大故障。</span></strong></span></p></section></section><section><section data-bcless="darken"></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><p><br  /></p><p><span><strong><span>【版权声明】：本文由整理发布，</span></strong><strong><span>转载请注明来源！</span></strong></span></p><p><br  /></p><section><p><img src="image/20200927/36a4d1e2183bdff16702c441e202dc6a_2.jpg" /></p><span><strong>微信ID：yxiubang</strong></span></section><section><span><strong><p><img src="image/20200927/0ca700ab0179d3bd95a8cd110dcc8673_3.jpg" /></p><span>长按左侧二维码关注</span></strong></span></section><p><br  /></p><p><br  /></p></section><p><br  /></p>