你不知道的放射检查，别再自己吓自己了

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                    <section data-tools="gulangu" data-label="powered by gulangu"></section><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by gulangu"><section><p><p><img src="image/20200927/fb77f5c25f69da288b06753eb0dc8099_1.png" /></p></p></section><section><section><section><p><span>首先，我们来讲讲两枚戒指的故事。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>威廉·康拉德·伦琴发现X光的时候，整个伦敦的贵族圈子都开始为这神奇的光沸腾。这光居然能透视伦琴夫人那戴戒指的手</span><span>。</span></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><img src="image/20200927/d5e54ddb13601e25613d39aa65b939c9_2.jpg" /></p></section></section><section><section><br  /></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><p><img src="image/20200927/b0f77eca0cb09cfd0ba234704a34eb8b_3.jpg" /></p></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><span>借着这两枚戒指的故事，我们今天就以提问的方式聊聊和放射影像检查有关的那些事儿</span><span>。</span></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><p><span>1</span></p></section></section></section><section></section></section><section><section><p><span><strong>是不是踏进检查室</strong></span></p><p><span><strong>就已经被</strong><strong>辐射了？</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><span>X射线是需要电力驱动的，没有电源，X射线机就不能正常运作，所以在X射线机没有曝光前，检查室里的任何地方都是安全的。</span></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><p><span>2</span></p></section></section></section><section></section></section><section><section><p><span><strong>为什么检查时要脱掉</strong></span></p><p><span><strong>内衣、皮带、项链等金属物品？</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><span>所有的金属物品都能够呈现在X射线胶片上，这样就对疾病的诊断产生了一定的影响。诊断医师可能会误将这些伪影当成是病灶，从而影响诊断结果。</span></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><p><span>3</span></p></section></section></section><section></section></section><section><section><p><span><strong>X射线在照射之后，</strong></span></p><p><span><strong>是否长期留在人体内？</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><span>医用诊断X射线机通电后产生的X射线属于外照射，对人体的危害是射线穿透人体过程中对人体组织器官的直接作用和间接作用，<strong>由于X射线的能量较低，人体本身通过新陈代谢，可进行代偿修复。</strong></span></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><p><span>4</span></p></section></section></section><section></section></section><section><section><p><span><strong>是否检查价格越贵</strong></span></p><p><span><strong>检查结果越精确？</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><span>影像检查有个口诀：伤骨头，粗看X光片，细看CT，但是MRI就看不出；颈椎、腰椎，细看磁共振，次选CT；脑、脊髓、脑梗，看磁共振，脑出血看CT；胸部，大致了解的情况下看X光片，细看CT，不看磁共振。所以大家应该把钱花在刀刃上，做对检查。</span></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><p><span>5</span></p></section></section></section><section></section></section><section><section><p><span><strong><span>增强CT和普通CT</span></strong></span></p><p><span><strong><span>有何区别？ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br  /></strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><span>增强CT是通过摄入对比剂，使组织间的对比度提高，方便影像检查的一种方法。<strong>简单来说，增强CT就是需要注射对比剂的检查。</strong></span></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><p><span>6</span></p></section></section></section><section></section></section><section><section><p><span><strong>孕早期照射X光</strong></span></p><p><span><strong>是否会导致胎儿畸形？</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><span>目前国际上早就出现了“<strong>孕早期全或无的理论</strong>”，即在孕4周之前用药或者照射X光，对肚子里宝宝的结果影响只有两个，第一种是宝宝接受了全部不利的结果，自然流产；第二种没有受到不利影响，自然正常生长下去。<strong>所以如果没有流产的征象，就可以放心地将孩子生下来。</strong></span></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><img src="image/20200927/8e8cfb76dfd8f6abe4e1e8b868050814_4.gif" /></p></section></section><section><section><br  /></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><p><img src="image/20200927/b0f77eca0cb09cfd0ba234704a34eb8b_5.jpg" /></p></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><p><span><strong>&nbsp;如何对待放射诊断？ &nbsp;</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><section><section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><img src="image/20200927/221cf174fb0569895a900b6ca78ca0a7_6.jpg" /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><span>从医生的角度来说，临床医生必须最大化的利用它的优势，结合所学知识，为每位患者选择合理的放射检查手段，尽可能少的让患者遭受放射线损伤。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><strong><span>此外，切勿盲目相信、过度依赖影像检查结果、滥用影像检查技术，更不能丢弃传统的体格检查手段。</span></strong><span>只有以自身对疾病的主观认识为基础，以放射学检查手段为辅助，才能对患者的病情提出更好地诊断与治疗措施。</span></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p><p><p><img src="image/20200927/b0f77eca0cb09cfd0ba234704a34eb8b_5.jpg" /></p></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><span>最后，由于放射线的危害，临床医生及放射科技术操作人员应该按照相关规定对医生及患者采取必要的防护措施（应用铅衣等高密度物质作为屏障进行屏蔽防护，增加X线源与人体间距以减少照射量，尽量缩短检查时间、避免不必要的重复检查）。</span></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><img src="image/20200927/aa0550a1b17776db62d7f99c48a8da2e_8.gif" /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><span>而从患者的角度来说，虽然放射线对身体有一定危害，但其在对疾病的诊断过程中有不可替代的作用。作为患者，对其心存戒备无可厚非，但不能因为心中的“恐惧”，排斥医生建议进行的放射学检查，毕竟临床医生在此方面的判断，要比普通大众专业得多。</span></p></section></section></section><section><p><br  /></p><p><span><strong><span>【版权声明】：</span><span>本文由整理发布，资料源自</span></strong></span><span><strong><span>江苏疾控（微信号：jscdcwx），</span></strong></span><span><strong><span>版权归原作者所有，转载请注明来源！</span></strong><br  /><br  /></span></p><section><p><img src="image/20200927/19dbe17d7299be3b99322bc09fd48454_9.jpg" /></p><span><strong>微信ID：yxiubang</strong></span></section><section><span><strong><p><img src="image/20200927/99647939622d017afc7e9a56ff961c35_10.jpg" /></p>长按左侧二维码关注</strong></span></section><p><br  /></p><p><br  /></p></section></section><p><br  /></p>