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<p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">各检验科血球仪不断老化、淘汰，五分类血球仪已逐渐进入实验室。最近执诚工程部不断收到电话咨询，问什么样的五分类血球仪好？怎样识别真假五分类等。什么好什么坏肯定一句话说不清楚，只有了解仪器性能才能识别。五分类的分类方法有激光、射频、细胞化学染色、专用试剂在专用通道中反应等，外五分类仪器有的还有流成细胞技术，网织红细胞检测，有核红细胞检测、幼稚细胞检测、造血干细胞检测、光学血小板检测等先进术和网络智能技术等。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">什么是真假五分类？</span></strong></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">一提买五分类血球，就有人提醒别买到假五分类仪器。什么是真什么是假？大家都知道，原二分类、三分类仪器都是用阻抗法将白细胞分为大、小两类或大、中、小三分类。若再且阻抗法就不能将细胞往下分，仅细胞大小指标显然不能分五类。在白细胞分类技术上只要采用了激光细胞化学染色（如荧光）、射频、专用通道等方法，就不能叫假五分类。这些方法对细胞的大小，核大小、核结构、核密度、染色质多少、细胞颗粒特性等分别进行了测定，综合这些指标进行分类肯定是真五分类，在每一台五分类的具体技术上每个厂商，每一种型号都有片己的特点，或在某一方面有自己的长处。若一台仪器将物理、化学、特殊通道、先进技术集一身，这当然好，但这仪器一定很贵，测定指标一定很多，也不一定适合门诊，因收费较贵。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">关于激光</span></strong></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">激光是五分类仪器最常用的技术，通常是荧光染色后激光照射测定荧光强度和荧光宽度，也有不染色直接照射细胞，通过散射光进行分类。由于激光的单色性和高强度，当然比卤素灯好。如果用卤素灯进行五分类肯定没有激光效果好。</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">Coulter ,sysamexabbo</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">等世界上著名厂家的五分类血球仪都有有用激光技术的。在激光技术中目前有半导体激光和气体激光。半导体激光功率弱，但作为细胞分类自己足够；气体激光功率强。二者比较半导激光具有寿命长（</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">7-10</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">年）体积小，启动快，耗电小，对稳压要求低，更为经济适用等特点。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">细胞化学染色</span></strong></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">人工镜检是靠细胞化学染色后识别细胞核大小，形态，染色度多少，核，细胞等多少，浆中颗粒多少来进行分类的。五分类仪器现在都普遍用细胞化学染色，其中特殊荧光染料是最多的。除五分类用处外，网织红细胞，有核红细胞，光学血小板等参数都是荧光染色后，激光分辨出来的。值得一提的是用特殊荧光染色的全自动网织红细胞计数，并进行网红分类是</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">Sysmex</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">公司的独到之处。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">专用通道</span></strong></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">嗜酸性，嗜碱性细胞在白细胞中比例较少，且体积和中性细胞一样大。现在很多血球仪都有这两种细胞的专用通道。主要原理是在嗜酸性细胞通道加入专用试剂，嗜酸性细胞形态不变，而其它细胞膜破坏，形态改变。再用激光等技术识别完整的细胞，就得到嗜酸性细胞的准确数据。在激光，组化染色，专用通道等技术综合分类下五分类已经相当准确了。以</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">Sysmex SF-3000</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">血球仪为例五分类结果与单洗隆流式细胞仪五分类结果比较：</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">中性细胞：</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">Y=0.992X-2.684 r=0.984</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">淋巴细胞：</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">Y=1.025X+2.382 r=0.985</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">单核细胞：</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">Y=0.987X+0.228 r=0.949</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">嗜酸性细胞：</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">Y=0.905X+0.079 r=0.994</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">嗜碱性细胞：</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">Y=0.829X+0.283 r=0.828</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">一些新参数应用</span></strong></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">网织红细胞五分类</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">,</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">有核红细胞主要是对骨髓增生状况的了解</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">,</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">对血疗效的观察，放疗化疗后骨髓恢复功能的判断非常有用。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">幼稚细胞及造血干细胞监测。幼稚细胞的测定可以对白血球进行诊断、疗效观察。注射细胞刺激因子后对外周血造血干细胞进行监测，是外周血造血干细胞移植的关键环节。外周血造血细胞移植与骨髓移植相比，前者具有病人痛苦少、费用低、造血工能恢复快、肿瘤细胞的污染少、避免麻醉和手术。</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">Sysmex</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">公司</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">SE</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">和</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">XE-2100</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">血球仪监测造血干细胞的功能，</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">2002</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">年</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">4</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">月</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">12</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">日受到</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">FDA</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">认可。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">光学血小板是染色后激光辨认的，对大血小板等异常情况特别适用，克服了电阻法数血小板的干，但光学法数的血小板数量少，相对误差比电阻法大，重复性不如电阻法。若一台仪器两种方法都有，普通标本用电阻法计血小板；对异常标本（严重贫血，溶血，血小板增多或减少等）用光学血小板计数是最佳选择。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);"><img data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/I01Zm9bbx8xHy1RgPFQqMz0T46DCpKYUN8IesKSGtOHsic96UtAMhstj5Bic7LuU2JzO9hoVRU4wkJez2QfKTicew/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.6620278330019881" data-w="" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/I01Zm9bbx8xHy1RgPFQqMz0T46DCpKYUN8IesKSGtOHsic96UtAMhstj5Bic7LuU2JzO9hoVRU4wkJez2QfKTicew/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; width: auto !important; visibility: visible !important;" /><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></span></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">近年来，实验室全自动化的东风已经吹进检验科。大一点的实验室在买仪器时就要考虑与标本前处理是否能相接，与标本传输系统能否相接，与网络系统能否相接，目前我国已引进有血球分析工作站，实现了血液分析的全自动化。</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">用户要买什么样的五分类血球仪，主要要看用户的要求，要解决什么问题？达到什么要求？假如是一般综合医院门诊用，选择染色后激光分类就够了，因这种仪器分类已准确，且价格便宜，消耗便宜；若是为儿科血液科血液分析专用仪器，那就一定要买有网织细胞，能识别幼稚细胞，有光学血小板测定者更好；若是要监造血干细胞就一定要买</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: Simsun, serif; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">FDA</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px; font-family: 宋体; color: rgb(68, 68, 68);">认可的仪器。医院根据自己要求和经济实力一定能买到自己满意的仪器。</span></p><hr style="white-space: normal; color: rgb(131, 104, 28); font-family: Avenir, sans-serif; line-height: 25px;" /><p style="white-space: normal; color: rgb(131, 104, 28); font-family: Avenir, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"></span><br /></p><p style="white-space: normal; color: rgb(131, 104, 28); font-family: Avenir, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">ID: </span><span style="font-size: 12px;"></span></p><p style="white-space: normal; color: rgb(131, 104, 28); font-family: Avenir, sans-serif; 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color: rgb(131, 104, 28); font-family: Avenir, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(127, 127, 127); font-size: 12px;"><img data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/A1DicCH9Vl6MoypciaNOibiaxmVLk8eA6ibKL14uWjKsZwrWboQYKTfXqPicXycwL1icfia1pAG0VzlTX3MRR4FPV0ZtZA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.0136054421768708" data-w="147" style="float: none;" /></span></strong></p>
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发表于 2020-10-21 13:08:54