电子元器件电容特性原理简介

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                    <section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><p><img src="image/20201019/addc21bf0c0ecd5f0cd8fdb075237994_1.gif" /></p></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>电容充放电原理</p></section><p><img src="image/20201019/7a2c795a911b88650f2de446856888ba_2.png" /></p> <section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><span>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 电容器充电：电容器从无电到有电直到饱和，这种过程称为电容器充电。当电容器接通电源瞬间，电源开始向电容充电，电源正极向正极板提供正电荷而电源负极向负极电荷。电容器两端电压由小到大变化，电容器两端有电流产生，随着电压的升高，电容两端电压与电源电压电位差逐渐减小，电容两端电流逐渐减小，总电容两端电压等于电源电压时，点位差为“0”，电流为“0”，电容器饱和，充电过程结束。充电过程中，电容两端电压是由小到大变化，而电流是由大到小变化。</span><br  /></p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 电容器放电：电容器从有电到无电，这种过程称为电容器放电。与负载相连时，电容器开始放电，电容器正极板正电荷经过负载定向移动，形成电流，随着电容器中的电荷逐渐减小，电容器两端电压逐渐降低，电流逐渐减小，当电容器中电荷全部消失，电路中电压为“0，电流为‘’0”，放电结束。放电过程中，电容两端电压是由大到小变化，电流是由大到小变化。</p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>&nbsp;隔直通交原理</p></section><p><img src="image/20201019/7a2c795a911b88650f2de446856888ba_2.png" /></p> <section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span>电容器两级板之间是绝缘的，也就是电流是无法通过电容器的，无论是直流或是交流。电容的特性是它能存储和释放电荷，当电路电压高于电容两端电压时它就充电，反之它就放电。直流电压方向是单一不变的，当电容器充满电荷后电路中便没有电流的流动，由于电容上端与电源带的都是正电荷（同性相排斥），所以不能放电，这就是电容器的隔直特性（能充电、不能放电）。交流电压方向是不断变化的，在正半周时电容器充的上正下负的电话，变换负半周时电容器充得上负下正电荷，同时电容也在交替的放电，电路中就产生了电流流动，这就是电容器的交流“通过”特性。</span></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><p><img src="image/20201019/f18c3b0f8bbd035f4f0a76d0392f5ff4_4.jpg" /></p></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>欢</p></section></section></section></section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>迎</p></section></section></section></section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>关</p></section></section></section></section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>注</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><p><img src="image/20201019/7806663b1daa5dac6f944b859d2bc375_5.jpg" /></p></section></section></section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section></section></section></section></section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>关注我们</p><p>一起涨姿势！</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section>