全自动血液细胞分析仪白细胞测量原理

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                    <section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201019/80ca87eafc34d0d6e75a626e84d383c5_1.gif" /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>基础原理</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;正常外周血中，白细胞可被分为淋巴系统、单核细胞、中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞等五类。通过对血液中各类白细胞的分析可以为临床各类疾病的诊断提供许多有用信息。在某些疾病状态下，外周血中的白细胞除了正常的五类细胞外，还会出现各种异常细胞，如异型淋巴细胞、幼稚细胞等。这些异常细胞主要是细胞生成过程中的各种幼稚细胞。它们的特点是，在细胞内含有大量的核酸（DNA和RNA），核酸的含量随细胞成熟度的增高而减少。因此，可以通过对细胞内核酸含量多少的检测来区分正常细胞和幼稚细胞。</p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>设备检测原理</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;全自动血液细胞分析仪采用了激光流式细胞术结合荧光染色的技术手段，在实现白细胞五分类的基础上对血液中存在的幼稚细胞进行了精准的识别和检测。</p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201019/51718c7acf006e5157aac96c33c6ce40_2.jpg" /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201019/3e2622c1bbddc5fc2c2951ce53324038_3.jpg" /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br  /></p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;设备的DIFF溶血剂与样本混合后通道采用了荧光染色技术。一方面通过特殊试剂成分的作用裂解血液细胞中的红细胞，试剂成分对白细胞进行差异处理，使不同种类细胞在体积和复杂上产生一定程度差异；另一方面，试剂作用的同时白细胞内核酸类物质被一种新型不对称菁类荧光物质标记。因不同种类、不同成熟阶段或异常发育状态的细胞核酸含量有所不同，其荧光染料标记量也有所不同；细胞体积大小差异可以表征在低角度散射光信号、细胞内部颗粒复杂程度差异可以通过高角度散射光信号表征，荧光信号强度则反映了细胞被染色的程度。DIFF通道通过识别试剂处理过细胞的三维空间的信号差异，实现了主要白细胞亚群（淋巴细胞、单核细胞、中性粒细胞、嗜酸性细胞）的区分，并就幼稚细胞、异常淋巴细胞、原始细胞等异常细胞进行识别和报警。</p><p><br  /></p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;淋巴细胞体积较小，细胞内部大部分被细胞核占据，核质比高，而核酸含量较少，故而在荧光方向和侧向散射光方向的位置均较低。单核细胞体积较大，核质比较高，胞内结构复杂度较低，其核酸含量较高，在荧光方向位置较高，侧向散射光较淋巴略强。中性粒细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞体积较大，核质比居中，细胞核在细胞内分布较散，核酸含量较低，其在荧光散射方向位置较低，但侧向散射光信号较强。嗜酸性粒细胞体积、核质比细胞核与中性粒细胞相近，核酸含量也较低，但其内部含有大量碱性颗粒，侧向散射光信号很强。原始细胞、异形淋巴细胞核未成熟粒细胞的细胞内核酸含量较高，其在散点图上荧光方向位置均比较高。</p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>欢</p></section></section></section></section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>迎</p></section></section></section></section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>关</p></section></section></section></section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>注</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201019/868d7891b99956b469014b3b51719c0c_4.jpg" /></p></section></section></section></section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section></section></section></section></section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>关注我们</p><p>一起涨姿势！</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section>