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<section data-role="paragraph" data-color="rgb(182, 228, 253)" data-custom="rgb(182, 228, 253)"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/86b79d371e9862b01189f0252a03b2cd_1.png" /></p></p></section><section><section><span><strong></strong></span></section><p><span>医疗器械媒体报道先锋</span></p><p><span>分享专业医疗器械知识</span></p></section><section><section><section><span>关注</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><span><br /></span></p><p><span>本文来源：同语轩</span></p><p><span><br /></span></p><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>十月，金秋。</p><p><br /></p><p>第17个年头。今天，由<span>克利夫兰医学中心引领的年度医疗创新峰会，揭晓了2020年对医学影响最大的十大创新。</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span>这些改变医学的创新，会改变无数患者的人生。</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span>按预期的重要性排名。</span></p><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section>1</section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/1352933cb41a9eaadc953cd515d13530_2.jpg" /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p><p><strong><span>治疗骨质疏松的双效药物</span></strong></p><p><strong><span>Dual-acting osteoporosis drug</span></strong></p><p><br /></p><p><span>骨质疏松症会让人的骨骼变弱变脆，很大程度增加了骨折的风险。</span><span>因为骨质的丢失是一个消无声息的渐进的过程，所以，在首次骨折之前通常没有任何症状。</span><span>最近FDA批准的新的双效药物romosozumab，可以有效增强骨质的力量，帮助骨质疏松患者更好地预防骨折。</span></p><p><span><span><br /></span></span></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><p><span>2</span><br /></p></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/3207c8a4c02cc4a33c4f2d804f50c450_3.jpg" /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p><p><span><strong>扩大微创二尖瓣手术的适用范围</strong></span></p><p><span><strong><span>Expanded use of minimally invasive mitral valve surgery</span></strong></span></p><p><br /></p><p><span>二尖瓣是控制血液从心脏的左心房流向左心室阀门。</span><span>在75岁以上的人群中，大约10%的人有二尖瓣缺陷，引起血液反流。</span><span>对于那些无法通过其他治疗来缓解症状的患者而言，扩大微创二尖瓣手术的适用范围，为他们提供了一种重要的新的治疗选择。</span><span></span></p><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><p>3</p></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/c74ce16ed4fc7295fef0d56e6b664113_4.jpg" /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p><p><strong><span>治疗淀粉样心肌病-<strong><span>甲状腺素转运蛋白</span></strong></span></strong></p><p><span>Inaugural medication for transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy </span></p><p><span>(ATTR-CM)</span> </p><p><br /></p><p><span>ATTR-CM是一种令人沮丧的心血管疾病，它是一种进行性的，很容易被漏诊却有潜在的致命风险的疾病。</span><span>淀粉样蛋白原纤维在心脏的左心室室壁中沉积、变硬，最终导致了这种疾病的发生。</span><span>但是，现在出现了一种新的药物可以防止沉积的蛋白质的异常折叠，有效地降低死亡率。</span><span>在2017年和2018年，这个药就被指定为快速通道和突破性药物，2019年FDA批准了tafamidis，标志第一个针对ATTR-CM的治疗药物的诞生。</span><span></span></p><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><p>4</p></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/9ac72c4062645e44300564fcb3ade37b_5.gif" /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p><p><strong><span>缓解花生过敏的疗法</span></strong></p><p><span>Therapy for mitigation of peanut allergies</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span>有2.5％的父母天天生活在一个可怕的现实中：</span><span>他们的孩子随时可能由于过敏反应而无法呼吸。</span><span>尽管紧急肾上腺素降低了意外接触导致严重过敏的可能性，这些方法还不足以消除人们长期以来的焦虑。</span><span>如今，一种新的口服免疫治疗药物带来了希望，它可以逐步提高病人对花生的耐受性，有可能免于过敏反应的袭击。</span><span></span></p><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><p>5</p></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/5a786221f95a7b89097c5501cb7768e6_6.jpg" /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p><p><span><strong><span>闭环脊髓刺激</span></strong></span></p><p><span>Closed-loop spinal cord stimulation</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span>慢性疼痛令人无比痛苦无比沮丧，也是处方阿片类药物的重要原因。</span><span>通过植入式装置对脊髓提供电刺激，是一种流行的治疗慢性疼痛的方法。</span><span>但是由于刺激不够或过度刺激，治疗效果往往不能令人满意。</span><span>闭环刺激可以让植入装置与脊髓之间更好地交流，从而提供更理想的刺激并减轻疼痛。</span><span></span></p><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><p>6</p></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/cd6f50668d7af43edbb9cc8e2317dc2d_7.jpg" /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p><p><strong><span>生物制剂进入骨科修复</span></strong></p><p><span>Biologics in orthopedic repair </span> </p><p><br /></p><p><span>骨科手术后，身体往往需要几个月甚至几年的时间才能恢复。</span><span>但是生物物质，包括细胞、血液成分，生长因子和其他天然物质，具有替代或借助身体自身力量来促进愈合的能力。</span><span>这些生物物质正在通过各种途径进入骨科治疗，可望加速和改善身体的恢复。</span><span></span><br /></p><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><p>7</p></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/50b33fc77852d76bdc48cbc1474b52a2_8.jpg" /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p><p><span><strong><span>抗菌包膜预防心脏植入装置的感染</span></strong></span></p><p><span>Antibiotic envelope for cardiac implantable device infection prevention</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span> </span><br /></p><p><span>全世界，每年有大约有150万患者接受植入式的心脏电子设备。</span><span>对这些患者而言，感染仍然是主要的可能危及生命的并发症。</span><span>现在，可以用嵌入抗生素的包膜来包住这些植入的心脏设备，有效地预防感染。</span><span></span></p><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><p>8</p></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/9e35bb63619f6521daa8887b545d3e51_9.jpg" /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p><p><span><strong><span><strong><span>不能耐受他汀类药物</span></strong>的患者：<strong><span>新药降低胆固醇</span></strong></span></strong></span></p><p><span><span>Bempedoic acid for cholesterol lowering in statin-intolerant patients</span> </span></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><span>高胆固醇影响到全美近40％的成年人。</span><span>如果不治疗，这种疾病可能会导致严重的健康问题， 比如心脏病和中风。</span><span>通常，他汀类药物可以控制高胆固醇，但是，有些病人使用他汀类药物会出现无法忍受的肌肉疼痛。</span><span>新药为这类病人提供了替代疗法，降低胆固醇的同时避免了他汀类药物的这些副作用。</span><span></span></p><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><p>9</p></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/32fa64c4fc53698917978fdf1f893da6_10.jpg" /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p><p><strong><span>PARP抑制剂用于卵巢癌的维持治疗</span></strong></p><p><span>PARP Inhibitors for maintenance therapy in ovarian cancer</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span><span>PARP抑制剂，也就是多</span><span>ADP</span><span>核糖聚合酶抑制剂，可以阻止肿瘤细胞修复受损的</span><span>DNA</span><span>，从而增加肿瘤细胞死亡，尤其是那些有修复机制缺陷的肿瘤。</span></span><span></span><span><span>PARP</span><span>抑制剂是卵巢癌治疗领域的最新的重要进展之一，它控制了疾病的进展，提高了患者的生存时间，目前已经被批准作为晚期癌症的一线维持治疗药物。</span></span><span>还有其它几项</span><span><span>PARP</span><span>抑制剂的大规模试验正在进行中，有望提高癌症治疗的效果。</span></span><span></span></p><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><p>10</p></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/f476ff2fd65c3f370a18995a84acd60e_11.jpg" /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br /></p><p><strong><span>治疗舒张性心力衰竭的药物<br /></span></strong></p><p><span><span>Drugs for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction</span> </span></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><span>保留射血分数（HFpEF）的心力衰竭，也称为舒张性心力衰竭，是一种心室的心肌可以正常收缩但不能正常松弛的心脏疾病。</span><span>虽然射血分数正常，但是心脏无法正常充盈，导致没有足够的血液达到身体里。</span><span>目前这种病主要的治疗方法是对症治疗。</span><span>现在，一类用于治疗二型糖尿病的药物，SGLT2抑制剂，显示出它的潜力，可能成为一个新的治疗选择。</span></p></section></section></section><p><span><br /></span></p><p><span>Reference:</span></p><p><span>https://www.cleveland.com/news/g66l-2019/10/0749afdeb89104/cleveland-clinic-announces-top-10-medical-innovations-for-2020.html</span></p><p><span><br /></span></p><p><a data-miniprogram-appid="wxdc7efe409d688f37" data-miniprogram-path="pages/index/index" data-miniprogram-nickname="" href="" data-miniprogram-type="image" data-miniprogram-servicetype=""><p><img src="image/20201014/9b56b340737aeb94a7591bcbc4044481_12.gif" /></p></a></p><p><br /></p><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by gulangu"><section data-role="paragraph" data-color="#757576"><section data-role="paragraph"><section><section><section data-brushtype="text"><strong>相关阅读</strong></section></section></section><section><section></section></section><section data-width="100%"><section><section><section><section data-width="100%"><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="87578" data-color="#6aa9ad" data-custom="#59c3f9"><section><p><img 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发表于 2020-10-14 13:21:28