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疫情下的中国医院

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发表于 2020-10-14 12:26:15 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式

                    

                    

                    
                    
                    <section data-role="paragraph" data-color="rgb(182, 228, 253)" data-custom="rgb(182, 228, 253)"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/86b79d371e9862b01189f0252a03b2cd_1.png" /></p></p></section><section><section><span><strong></strong></span></section><p><span>医疗器械媒体报道先锋</span></p><p><span>分享专业医疗器械知识</span></p></section><section><section><section><span>关注</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section><span>前言:2020年年初,由于新冠肺炎疫情的蔓延,全国公立医院面临着巨大的经营压力。公立医院一方面要派出自家医护去前线抗疫,另一方面也要肩负本土抗疫和日常医疗工作。而民营医院因防护物资不足以及客流量的减少,日子也过得很艰难。那么,这场疫情究竟让中国的医疗机构受到多大影响呢?近日,国家卫健委统计信息中心公布了2020年1-2月全国医疗服务情况和2020年1-2月全国二级以上公立医院病人费用情况,我们一起来看一下吧!</span></section><p><br  /></p><p><strong><span>一、全国医院诊疗量缩水四分之一</span></strong></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>2020年1-2月份,全国医疗卫生机构诊疗人次有7.0亿人次(不含湖北省、诊所及村卫生室数据),受新冠肺炎疫情影响,同比下降21.3%。医院诊疗人次达3.9亿人次,同比降低25.9%;其中,公立医院为3.3亿人次,同比降低25.7%,民营医院为0.6亿人次,同比降低26.5%。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>尽管民营医院的数量已经超过公立医院,但就诊人次仍远不如后者。公立医院的就诊人次占全国诊疗人次总数的84.6%,拥有绝对话语权。</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>按照医院等级看:</span></p><p><br  /></p><ul><li><section><span>三级医院诊疗人次1.9亿人次,同比降低26.9%;</span></section></li><li><section><span>二级医院诊疗人次1.5亿人次,同比降低23.1%;</span></section></li><li><section><span>一级医院诊疗人次2487万人次,同比降低25.1%。</span></section></li></ul><section><br  /></section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/7d69fd04ff0624e8a0f8701d08d17355_2.png" /></p></section><section><span>全国医疗卫生机构医疗服务量&nbsp;注:①受疫情影响,本表不含湖北省、诊所及村卫生室数据,下表同;②#系其中数。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>受到疫情影响,全国医院诊疗量缩水四分之一,其中,三级医院诊疗人次下滑最多,达26.9%。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span><strong><span>二、全国医院出院人数同比下滑17.2%<br  /></span></strong></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>2020年1-2月,全国医疗卫生机构出院人数达3039.4万人(不含湖北省数据),受新冠肺炎疫情影响,同比下降17.2%。医院出院人数为2407.2万人,同比下降16.8%,其中:公立医院1975.1万人,同比下降17.2%,民营医院432.1万人,同比下降14.8%。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>按照医院等级看:</span></section><p><br  /></p><ul><li><section><span>三级医院出院人数1105万,同比降低15.0%;</span></section></li><li><section><span>二级医院出院人数1036万,同比降低17.6%;</span></section></li><li><section><span>一级医院出院人数145万,同比降低10.3%。</span></section></li></ul><section><br  /></section><section><strong><span>在出院人数方面,二级医院下滑最为严重,达17.6%。</span></strong></section><section><br  /></section><section><span><strong><span>三、三级医院病房使用率下滑最多,近30%</span></strong></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>2019年1-2月,医院病床使用率为60.9%(不含湖北省数据),同比下降20.3%。其中:</span></section><p><br  /></p><ul><li><section><span>三级医院病床使用率为62.9%,同比降低28.4% ;</span></section></li><li><section><span>二级医院病床使用率为63.4%,同比降低19.9% ;</span></section></li><li><section><span>一级医院病床使用率为47.8%,同比降低7.4% 。</span></section></li></ul><p><br  /></p><section><span>根据下表“病床使用情况”可知,医院平均住院日为8.6日,同比缩短0.2日。其中:</span></section><p><br  /></p><ul><li><section><span>三级医院平均住院日为8.9日,比上年缩短0.1日;</span></section></li><li><section><span>二级医院平均住院日为8.2日,比上年缩短0.2日;</span></section></li><li><section><span>一级医院平均住院日为7.5日,比上年缩短1.0日。</span></section></li></ul><section><br  /></section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/fc25e7bf047d9d50f6a4b88567a3c23a_3.png" /></p></section><section><span>病床使用情况。注:受疫情影响,湖北省医疗服务数据缺报。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>总体看来,全国医院在疫情期间住院日均有不同程度缩短,而以一级医院住院日缩短最为明显,达1.0日。<strong>而在病床使用率上三级医院排名第二,为62.9%,但受到疫情影响最大,下滑最严重,同比降低28.4%</strong>。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>我们再来看看二级以上公立医院的结构收入变化。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span><strong><span>四、三级医院次均门诊费用同比上涨6%<br  /></span></strong></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>2020年1-2月,全国三级公立医院次均门诊费用为369.7元(不含湖北省数据,下同),与去年同期比较,按当年价格上涨11.4%,按可比价格上涨5.9%。</span></section><p><br  /></p><section><span>二级公立医院次均门诊费用为229.8元,按当年价格同比上涨10.8%,按可比价格同比上涨5.3%。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><strong><span>疫情期间,二级、三级医院均次门诊费用均有上涨,这或许与疫情期间处方用药量放宽至3个月的长处方政策相关。</span></strong><span>疫情期间,为减少病人到定点医疗机构就诊配药次数,降低患者来医疗机构就诊后交叉感染的风险,广东、广西、江苏等全国多省出台类似政策。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span><strong><span>五、三级医院人均住院费用同比下降9%<br  /></span></strong></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>2020年1-2月,全国三级公立医院人均住院费用为12997.6元,与去年同期比较,按当年价格下降4.2%,按可比价格下降9.0%。</span></section><p><br  /></p><section><span>二级公立医院人均住院费用为6022.0元,按当年价格同比下降4.0%,按可比价格同比下降8.7%。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>1月29日,国家卫健委、中医药局印发《关于做好应对2020年春节假期后就诊高峰工作的通知》,要求合理控制手术数量,按照手术指征安排手术时间,非急诊手术延后择期进行,并向患者做好沟通解释。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>结语:由于近年来药占比考核收紧,医院门诊药费收入均有下降,但二级、三级医院总体收入还在上涨,其原因还在于非药品增长,比如涉及高值耗材的手术、住院检查等。此次疫情对二级、三级医院的住院人次产生较大冲击,不少手术被取消或延期,也是导致其住院费用下滑的重要原因。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>来源:国家统计信息中心</span></section><section><span>来源:医学界</span></section><p><span><br  /></span></p><section 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