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<section data-role="paragraph" data-color="rgb(182, 228, 253)" data-custom="rgb(182, 228, 253)"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/86b79d371e9862b01189f0252a03b2cd_1.jpg" /></p></p></section><section><section><span><strong></strong></span></section><p><span>医疗器械媒体报道先锋</span></p><p><span>分享专业医疗器械知识</span></p></section><section><section><section><span>关注</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="97917"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><br /></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><span>血液透析（hemodialysis，HD）<span>是治疗终末期肾病的首选方案。<span>它通过将体内血液引流至体外，经一个由无数根空心纤维组成的透析器中，血液与含机体浓度相似的电解质溶液（透析液）在一根根空心纤维内外，通过弥散/对流进行物质交换，清除体内的代谢废物、维持电解质和酸碱平衡；同时清除体内过多的水分，并将经过净化的血液回输的整个过程称为血液透析。</span></span></span></section><p><br /></p><p><p><img src="image/20201014/64b43ac5fe2a977cac03c29889aae167_2.jpg" /></p></p><section powered-by="gulangu"><span><strong><span><br /></span></strong></span></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><span>尽管随着血液透析技术的改进，血液透析已无绝对禁忌症，但血液透析治疗仍然存在弊端，比如周期性的并发症和对医院的依赖性等，做血液透析的患者一般每周要去三次医院，每次治疗大概三个小时左右，这将极大的影响患者的生活质量。因此人们开始探索将血液透析机移动到家中的可能。</span></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><br /></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><span>家用透析设备可以给患者提供更长和/或更频繁地透析，减轻患者相关并发症的同时，也能够让患者的时间相对更加自由，同时还能减轻部分医院的压力，有研究显示患者对促红细胞生成素的需求减少，食欲改善，也可以减轻疲劳和瘙痒症状。因此家用透析机是一个十分可行的方案。</span></section><p><br /></p><section powered-by="gulangu"><span><strong><span>血液透析机的构造</span></strong></span></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><br /></section><p><span>血液透析的设备包括血液透析机、水处理及透析器、共同组成血液透析系统，从构造上并不需要很大的占地空间。</span></p><p><br /></p><p><p><img src="image/20201014/e5eef0480d125d98daac1abe8259ab52_3.jpg" /></p></p><p><br /></p><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><p><img src="image/20201014/7db89a4ef88061529b91647e583a5e0f_4.gif" /></p></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><p><strong>血液透析机：</strong>是一个较为复杂的机电一体化设备，由透析液供给监控装置及体外循环监控装置组成。它包括血泵、透析液配置系统、容量控制系统及各种安全监测系统，包括压力监控、空气监控及漏血监控等组成。<br /></p><p><br /></p><p><strong>水处理系统：</strong>用来过滤、除铁、软化、活性炭、反渗透处理自来水，只有反渗水方可作为浓缩透析液的稀释用水，从而去掉水中的重金属元素和消毒剂、内毒素及细菌等不宜进入人体的成分。</p><p><br /></p><p><strong>透析器：</strong>由一根根化学材料制成的空心纤维组成，而每根空心纤维上分布着无数小孔。透析时血液经空心纤维内而透析液经空心纤维外反向流过，血液/透析液中的一些小分子的溶质及水分即通过空心纤维上的小孔进行交换，交换的最终结果是血液中的尿毒症毒素及一些电解质、多余的水分进入透析液中被清除，透析液中一些碳酸氢根及电解质进入血液中。达到清除毒素、水分、维持酸碱平衡及内环境稳定的目的。</p><p><br /></p><p><strong>透析液：</strong>透析液由含电解质及碱基的透析浓缩液与反渗水按比例稀释后得到，最终形成与血液电解质浓度接近的溶液，以维持正常电解质水平，同时通过较高的碱基浓度提供碱基给机体，以纠正患者存在的酸中毒。</p></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><br /></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><span><strong><span>System One家用血液透析机</span></strong></span></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><br /></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><span>现在有家用血液透析机被生产出来吗？答案是有。专注于血液透析设备的美国NxStage Medical公司（2017年被费森尤斯收购）所开发的<strong>System One血液透析系统</strong>是FDA批准的首个，也是唯一一个患者家用便携透析设备。</span></section><p><span><br /></span></p><p><iframe src="https://v.qq.com/iframe/player.html?width=500&height=375&auto=0&vid=k3103vrz11x&auto=0" width="100%" height="580" frameborder="0"></iframe></p><p><br /></p><p><span>System One由透析机、透析药筒、管路、针头、透析液、软件组成，可以使用自来水配制透析液。该设备主要为终末期肾病患者设计，在缺乏专业医生和护理人员的情况下，患者让可以很快掌握方法，即使夜间睡眠时也可以进行透析。</span></p><p><span><br /></span></p><p><span><p><img src="image/20201014/07b9aec4af8b69a8b56a5ae0ce4d103f_5.jpg" /></p></span></p><p><strong><span><br /></span></strong></p><p><span>System One的主体部分由液压泵及控制台组成，整体十分小巧，可以摆放在客厅、卧室等处，为患者提供舒适的透析环境，可任意拆卸的备件方面清理。当患者想要外出旅行时，可以同时携带NxStage PureFlow SL来随时制造透析所需的纯水和透析液，极大的改善患者生活质量。</span></p><p><span><br /></span></p><p><p><img src="image/20201014/33e93ab9d340eced3b18818dda16c0cf_6.jpg" /></p></p><p><span>NxStage PureFlow SL</span><br /></p><p><span><br /></span></p><p><span>此外，<span>System One</span>能够通过<span>Nx2me Connected Health</span>系统与ipad链接，通过网络向医疗结构传输患者的体温、体重、血压等数据，方便医疗团队掌握患者的身体状况，及时避免意外发生。</span></p><p><span><br /></span></p><p><p><img src="image/20201014/833a9364d8708edfd32ad0810859fbc9_7.png" /></p></p><p><br /><span></span></p><p><span>此外，System One虽然支持患者个人操作，但必须经过医生同意才能被允许患者单人操作，尽量避免可能存在的危险。最后，据悉该产品主要用于美国，尚未进入中国市场。</span><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><span>来源：透析圈、NxStage 官方、知乎等</span></p><p><br /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by gulangu"><section data-role="paragraph" data-color="#757576"><section data-role="paragraph"><section><section><section data-brushtype="text"><span><strong>相关阅读</strong></span></section></section></section><section><section><br /></section></section><section data-width="100%"><section><section><section><section data-width="100%"><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="87578" data-color="#6aa9ad" data-custom="#59c3f9"><section><p><img src="image/20201014/2aac877ff9233ba5a66e7a5ff3a4febf_8.gif" /></p></section><section data-brushtype="text"><span>戳一下，更有料！</span></section></section><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="87578" data-color="#6aa9ad" data-custom="#59c3f9"><br /></section><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="87578" data-color="#6aa9ad" data-custom="#59c3f9"><a 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发表于 2020-10-14 11:58:55