惊了！芬兰用狗检测新冠，准确率100%！

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                    <section data-color="rgb(182, 228, 253)" data-custom="rgb(182, 228, 253)"><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section data-color="rgb(182, 228, 253)" data-custom="rgb(182, 228, 253)"><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/86b79d371e9862b01189f0252a03b2cd_1.jpg" /></p></p></section><section><section><span><strong></strong></span></section><p><span>医疗器械媒体报道先锋</span></p><p><span>分享专业医疗器械知识</span></p></section><section><section><section><span>关注</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-role="paragraph"><section data-tplid="89781" data-tools="gulangu"><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="95298"><section><section><section><span></span></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><p><br  /></p><p><a data-miniprogram-appid="wx3f7725264fadd6b7" data-miniprogram-path="pages/index/index" data-miniprogram-nickname="医启播健康直播" href="" data-miniprogram-type="image" data-miniprogram-servicetype=""><p><img src="image/20201014/f47af15de56affc7ada77ae2732f3f2c_2.png" /></p></a></p><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><p><span>来源：英国那些事儿</span></p><p><br  /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="97159"><section hm_fix="475:360"><section><section data-autoskip="1"><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><p><span>从上周开始，芬兰赫尔辛基的机场内，刚下航班的旅客会在过关检疫处看到这样的标志。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section><span>在写着“新冠病毒测试的”英文下面，是一个身上裹着红十字标志的狗子…</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/f225b78918a822aa9d70b1c58c1756f9_3.jpg" /></p></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>等候在检疫处的是身着绿衣服的工作人员，和几条品相各异的狗子。</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>检疫开始，旅客需用专用湿巾擦拭手臂。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/2cc10b0f46a4bcd5b6ae63dd421f6177_4.jpg" /></p></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>然后把沾上了自己气味的湿巾放进检测要用的杯子里…</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/2186c547a72bb61dd49fdde652eb18c4_5.jpg" /></p></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>之后工作人员领“检测员”狗子出场，对着地上摆放着的一排样品杯挨个嗅过去。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/ecf5268102a00734c228ab9404e8310d_6.jpg" /></p></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>如果察觉异常，狗子会用自己的方式通知工作人员：</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>如趴下，抓地，大声吠叫。</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>那位气味异常的客人将被拦下后带到另一个房间，进行更严格的新冠病毒核酸检测…</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>嗯，很多人大概猜到了，这是芬兰最新推出的，通过狗鼻子分辨气味，快速筛查新冠病毒感染者的方法！</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>很多人都知道，狗子拥有相当强大的气味分辨能力，它们能从上亿的气味中准确识别出某一种气味。</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>举个毫不夸张的例子：</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>狗子们能从两个奥运会标准泳池中，准确闻出那个被加了一茶勺白糖的泳池…</span></section><section><span>于是在现实生活中，我们看到了缉毒犬参与缉毒，医院的检测犬用于嗅出糖尿病患者。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>可是，用狗子快速筛查新冠病毒患者，这看上去魔幻无比的一幕，竟然也这么快变成了现实…</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>其实，早在新冠病毒肆虐的6月，就有法国科学家提出了这一设想。一个研究团队在出版的论文里提到：</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>研究人员提到，有确切的证据表明，新冠呈阳性的病人汗液气味，和正常人的气味区别很大。</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>理论上来说，新冠感染病人的肺部最易受到损害，哪怕是在病毒感染的早期，他们呼出的气味和正常人肯定有所不同。</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>在这个推论下，欧洲不少国家，如法国，奥地利，德国，英国等，都决定尝试用狗子检测新冠。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>而芬兰无疑是这些国家最有行动力的，赫尔辛基大学很快组织了用狗子分辨新冠感染者的实验，他们挑选了16只嗅觉灵敏的狗狗，对它们加以训练，经过一段时间的严格训练，其中的10只脱颖而出，成为了符合机场工作标准的“新冠检测犬”。</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>之后，10只狗狗又参加了一系列的实战测试，研究人员给它们提供了500个气味测试样本，里面同时包含新冠阳性和正常人的气味。令人惊讶的是，在所有的测试中，狗狗们的合格率高达100%！</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/7302caf2100906d03906ae4d7e0f8688_7.jpg" /></p></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>就这样，经过近4个月的训练和准备，欧洲第一批“新冠检测犬”上周在赫尔辛基机场正式走上了工作岗位。</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>一切正如本文开头描述的场景：</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>被检测的旅客只需要用一张湿巾抹一抹手臂，狗子就能闻出这个人有没有感染新冠。整个“检测”过程只需要10秒。</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>如果狗子闻出了异常，再用核酸进一步检测和验证。不但效率极高，成本也大大降低。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>当然，前提是这批狗子的鼻子绝对可靠，迄今为止没有任何失误。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/0de09c376d8e8b2190bab31703e9cbab_8.jpg" /></p></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>或许有人会担心，狗子们天天跟潜在的新冠病毒感染者打交道，它们自己不会被感染从而成为新冠病毒传染源吗？</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>为此，官方也慎重考虑过这个问题，分析出的结论是：</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>虽然目前陆续发现了一些被新冠病毒感染的猫和水貂，但更多证据表明，狗子的身上没有适合新冠病毒落脚的必要受体（receptor），可以说，狗子本身就很难感染病毒。</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>另一方面，截止目前没有发现过任何在人和动物间传播新冠病毒的实例。</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>鉴于此，芬兰官方最终决定，率先推出这一批训练有素的“新冠检测犬”，上岗的当日，全欧洲媒体为之一惊。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/e178748cf813d607a4e8dd32a58c8a0c_9.jpg" /></p></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>眼瞅着芬兰的“新冠检测犬”已经上岗了，疫情趋于稳定的英国，在羡慕嫉妒恨的同时，也在加紧训练自家的狗子。</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>最近，英国慈善机构“医疗侦测犬”（ Medical Detection Dogs，MDD）也宣布，他们训练的狗子也将在未来几个月上岗。</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>MDD训练狗子已经有十多年的历史了，之前他们训练的一些狗子，能通过病人尿液的气味准确，辨别出癌症或帕金森。还有一些狗子被训练作为“疾病预警犬”，例如能在几分钟内准确嗅出铲屎官身体是否发生病变（糖尿病等）。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/a7df793555fe6c0cf1a40a4f6bdab994_10.jpg" /></p></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>今年新冠疫情爆发，MDD也开始紧急训练狗子辨别新冠病毒感染者，精心挑选的6只狗子从熟悉新冠病人口罩，袜子，衣服味道开始，如今已经具备了相当强的识别能力。</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>不过，英国方面用于测试狗子嗅觉的样本需求量更大：</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>“我们需要675个阴性样本，325个阳性样本。因为英国入境旅客的数量更多，对狗子们的要求也更高。”</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/1be1157dde8dc192be27c176ea48dfce_11.jpg" /></p></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>预计未来的几个月里，伦敦希思罗机场也会出现相似的场景：</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>成千上万等待入境的客人，要接受几只“新冠病毒检测犬”的快速筛查后完成检测。</span></section><section><span><br  /></span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>相信在不远的将来，嗅觉强大的超级狗子们，能在世界更多地方担负起筛查新冠病毒的重任～～</span></section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><section data-color="#757576"><section><section><section data-brushtype="text"><strong>相关阅读</strong></section></section></section><section><section><section><br  /></section></section></section><section data-width="100%"><section><section><section><section data-width="100%"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/2aac877ff9233ba5a66e7a5ff3a4febf_12.gif" /></p></section><section 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