常见的超声探头及故障维修

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                    <p style="margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">一：声头故障</strong></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 一个探头如果有明显的暗道的话,在排除电缆,声透镜等故障后一般可以初步判断为声头故障.通过专门的检测设备进行检测,从而判断多少晶片故障, 具体是哪些晶片故障.一般来讲一个128个晶片的探头如果有几个晶片坏了的影响不太大的.两边的晶片影像相对比中央的晶片会小一些.但是如果有十多个以上的晶片故障的话对图像的影响就大了。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">更换声头要注意新换的声头参数要与原先的声头一致或者尽量接近。主要的参数包括：几何尺寸，晶片的声学参数，此外考虑到实际使用的需要更换探头的声头在外形上要与原来一致。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">二：外壳故障</strong></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 超声探头的外壳比较多的是声头外壳，其它部位的破损通常多是由于意外所致。由于声头外壳破裂后会导致耦合剂渗透到探头内部，引起声头晶片的氧化合腐蚀，所以声头外壳的故障也需要尽快修理,防止故障越来越大。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">三：电缆故障</strong></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 超声探头的电缆通常是由上百根至数百根的电缆组成，在电缆护套里有屏蔽层环绕，是超声声头和主机系统连接的载体，电缆必须跟探头以及主机阻抗匹配，否则会影响图像质量。超声电缆中一般包括信号线，地线、控制线、电源等部分组成。超声的收发信号线在发射时的电压有一百多伏。电缆的故障会导致系统死机，黑道，干扰，探头不识别以及重影等故障。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">由于长期的使用过程中，电缆特别是靠近声头的电缆始终处于弯曲状态，因此长时间会导致线缆外皮破损，甚至断裂无法使用。此外一些探头电缆表面看起来电缆互套完好，但是实际上内部已经破损。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">如果出现上述故障一般需要将故障部位的线缆剪掉重接方可，有时要将整个电缆换掉。由于探头的电缆线非常多，很细，所以接起线来工作量很大，因此成本也要高一些。维修电缆需要仔细地将电缆线一一标记清楚，如果有多根线缆断就需要有好的同类型探头做对照才可。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">四：声透镜故障</strong></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp;由于长期直接和患者皮肤表面接触，超声声透镜在一定长时间就会产生问题，常见的故障包括：局部鼓起，有气泡、破损，超声声头晶片裸露；声透镜部分熔化。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">声透镜的故障在声学上的表现为超声图像上有局部黑影，但是在黑影部位如果适当用力的话黑影会消失，用这种方法可以快速区分是声透镜的问题或是声头的问题。一般来说声透镜导致的故障会对诊断效果有一定的影响，这种情况需要立即进行维修或者更换新的探头。如果晶片裸露的话可能对患者产生潜在的危险，同时超声耦合剂也会对晶片产生腐蚀，晶体会慢慢坏掉，无法修复。对于因为时间太长导致声透镜慢慢熔化的探头，一般来讲声透镜已经和晶片合为一体基本上是没办法进行声透镜修复了。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">声透镜的维修相对来说是超声探头维修中费用比较低的一种，而且需要时间比较少，其费用要远远低于新买一个探头费用，探头的声透镜出现问题建议尽快进行维修，以免故障变的更加严重。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">当然维修声透镜也有一定的风险，因为声透镜下面就是晶片。如果操作不慎的话就可能破坏晶片，那样的话就只有更换声头了。</span></p><section class="pEditor " style="line-height: 25.6px; white-space: normal;"><section data-css="background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);border-radius: 5px;border: 1px solid rgb(153, 153, 152);margin: 0px;padding: 5px" style="padding: 5px; border-radius: 5px; 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