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超声探头常见故障分析与维修方法

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发表于 2020-10-20 12:17:58 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式

                    

                    

                    
                    
                    <section data-role="outer" label="Powered by gulangu" style="font-size:16px;"><p><span style="overflow-wrap: break-word;font-weight: 700;color: rgb(0, 0, 255);font-size: large;text-align: -webkit-center;font-family: 微软雅黑;">超声探头常见故障分析与维修方法</span><span style="text-align: center;"></span></p><p><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-weight: 700;text-align: -webkit-center;caret-color: red;font-family: 宋体;"></span><br  /></p><p><br  /></p><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="96466"><section style="margin-right: auto;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: auto;"><section style="display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;"><section class="assistant" style="width:25px;"><img class="" data-ratio="1" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Y0IKJZGxxObKln6dVFb01O2YgCeE88wrq6zxaRSKYRp8ib1SzOpct7aDeiceq1CXhMgYdbJNVlQOuHngLXicxulAw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="34" data-width="100%" style="width:100%;display:block;"  /></section><section class="assistant" style="flex:1;height:1px;"><br  /></section><section class="assistant" style="width:2.5em;margin-right:10px;transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-ms-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);"><br  /></section></section><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);margin-top: -15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background:#fefefe;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="135brush" style="padding: 2em 1em 1em;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box;"><p><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 不论哪一种超声探头,其部件都是由三维体,声头,声透镜,晶体,外壳,电缆,护套和电路板组成。</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 了解了这些部件之后我们才能更好的对超声探头进行全方位的检查,下面就针对超声探头常见故障进行一个分析与维修。</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">总的来说,超声探头常见故障容易发生在声透镜与匹配层、晶体、电路板以及电缆线,所以超声故障种类按发生部件可分为:声透镜与匹配层故障,晶体故障,电路板故障以及电缆线故障。&nbsp;</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="96466"><section style="margin-right: auto;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: auto;"><section style="display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;"><section class="assistant" style="width:25px;"><img class="" data-ratio="1" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Y0IKJZGxxObKln6dVFb01O2YgCeE88wrq6zxaRSKYRp8ib1SzOpct7aDeiceq1CXhMgYdbJNVlQOuHngLXicxulAw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="34" data-width="100%" style="width:100%;display:block;"  /></section><section style="text-align:left;margin-top:15px;margin-left:-1px;"><section class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" style="display: inline-block;background: rgb(204, 205, 240);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 4px 2em;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">PART01&nbsp; &nbsp;声透镜与匹配层故障</section></section><section class="assistant" style="flex:1;height:1px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);margin-top: -15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background:#fefefe;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="135brush" style="padding: 2em 1em 1em;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box;"><p><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;"><br  />&nbsp; &nbsp; 声透镜是接触人体皮肤表面最多的一个部件 ,长时间使用未保养,很容易造成声透镜的损坏,从而影响到参数的准确性。声透镜一般容易出现故障的地方有:声头晶片裸露,声透镜表皮脱落,声透镜部分熔化,局部凸起,有磨损,起泡等</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 其故障原因常为:</span><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp;</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; ①声透镜长时间与人体直接接触,使之成为整个超声探头磨损最多的部位;</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; ②耦合剂对声透镜与匹配层结合部具有极强的腐蚀作用,众所周知,每次的超声检查都需要在探头及检查部位表面涂抹大量的耦合剂作为检查介质,如果操作者没有养成操作完成后将探头表面耦合剂擦拭干净的习惯,久而久之声透镜与匹配层之间的结合就会被破坏,出现裂开、脱胶、起泡等表现;</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; ③ 声透镜与匹配层的塑料、橡胶材质决定了温度对其的影响是不可忽视的,反差较大的温度会使其热胀冷缩脱胶,而长期高温也会导致其老化加快、更易变形而开裂。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="96466"><section style="margin-right: auto;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: auto;"><section style="display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;"><section class="assistant" style="width:25px;"><img class="" data-ratio="1" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Y0IKJZGxxObKln6dVFb01O2YgCeE88wrq6zxaRSKYRp8ib1SzOpct7aDeiceq1CXhMgYdbJNVlQOuHngLXicxulAw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="34" data-width="100%" style="width:100%;display:block;"  /></section><section style="text-align:left;margin-top:15px;margin-left:-1px;"><section class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" style="display: inline-block;background: rgb(204, 205, 240);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 4px 2em;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">PART02&nbsp; &nbsp;晶体故障</section></section><section class="assistant" style="flex:1;height:1px;"><br  /></section><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);letter-spacing: 1.5px;background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);caret-color: red;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-weight: 700;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp;</span></section><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);margin-top: -15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background:#fefefe;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="135brush" style="padding: 2em 1em 1em;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box;"><p><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;"><br  />&nbsp; &nbsp; 晶体故障体现在检查时图像质量的改变,表现为检查时的图像信号出现形状类似的衰减、黑影、亮白带等现象。</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 其故障原因常为:①晶体短路;②晶体老化。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="96466"><section style="margin-right: auto;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: auto;"><section style="display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;"><section class="assistant" style="width:25px;"><img class="" data-ratio="1" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Y0IKJZGxxObKln6dVFb01O2YgCeE88wrq6zxaRSKYRp8ib1SzOpct7aDeiceq1CXhMgYdbJNVlQOuHngLXicxulAw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="34" data-width="100%" style="width:100%;display:block;"  /></section><section style="text-align:left;margin-top:15px;margin-left:-1px;"><section class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" style="display: inline-block;background: rgb(204, 205, 240);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 4px 2em;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">PART03&nbsp; &nbsp;电缆故障</section></section><section class="assistant" style="flex:1;height:1px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);margin-top: -15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background:#fefefe;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="135brush" style="padding: 2em 1em 1em;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box;"><p><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;"><br  />&nbsp; &nbsp; 超声探头的电缆通常是由上百根至数百根的电缆组成,在电缆护套里有屏蔽层环绕,是超声声头和主机系统连接的载体,电缆必须跟探头以及主机阻抗匹配,否则会影响图像质量。超声电缆中一般包括信号线,地线、控制线、电源等部分组成。超声的收发信号线在发射时的电压有一百多伏。</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 电缆的故障会导致系统死机,黑道,干扰,探头不识别以及重影等故障。</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">电路板故障通常表现为检查时无图像产生或产生的图像缺损。</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">其故障原因为:</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; ①电路板短路;</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; ②电路板上部分元件或芯片损坏。&nbsp;</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;电缆线故障在外观上可表现为电缆的保护层与屏蔽层发生破皮甚至断裂,严重时体现在图像上,出现图像的部分缺失或者干扰。</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">其故障原因为:&nbsp;</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp;①电缆的放置欠佳,使其长期处于弯曲、扭转的状态;</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp;</span><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">②操作者的暴力操作,在检查位置较远的部位时不是通过缩短距离的方式检查,而是直接用力拉扯电缆线。由于长期的使用过程中,电缆特别是靠近声头的电缆始终处于弯曲状态,因此长时间会导致线缆外皮破损,甚至断裂无法使用。此外一些探头电缆表面看起来电缆互套完好,但是实际上内部已经破损。</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp;如果出现上述故障一般需要将故障部位的线缆剪掉重接方可,有时要将整个电缆换掉。由于探头的电缆线非常多,很细,所以接起线来工作量很大,因此成本也要高一些。维修电缆需要仔细地将电缆线一一标记清楚,如果有多根线缆断就需要有好的同类型探头做对照才可。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="96466"><section style="margin-right: auto;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: auto;"><section style="display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;"><section class="assistant" style="width:25px;"><img class="" data-ratio="1" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Y0IKJZGxxObKln6dVFb01O2YgCeE88wrq6zxaRSKYRp8ib1SzOpct7aDeiceq1CXhMgYdbJNVlQOuHngLXicxulAw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="34" data-width="100%" style="width:100%;display:block;"  /></section><section style="text-align:left;margin-top:15px;margin-left:-1px;"><section class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" style="display: inline-block;background: rgb(204, 205, 240);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 4px 2em;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">PART04&nbsp; &nbsp;声头故障</section></section><section class="assistant" style="flex:1;height:1px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);margin-top: -15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background:#fefefe;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="135brush" style="padding: 2em 1em 1em;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box;"><p><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;"><br  /> &nbsp; &nbsp;一个探头如果有明显的暗道的话,在排除电缆,声透镜等故障后一般可以初步判断为声头故障.通过专门的检测设备进行检测,从而判断多少晶片故障, 具体是哪些晶片故障.一般来讲一个128个晶片的探头如果有几个晶片坏了的影响不太大的.两边的晶片影像相对比中央的晶片会小一些.但是如果有十多个以上的晶片故障的话对图像的影响就大了。</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">  更换声头要注意新换的声头参数要与原先的声头一致或者尽量接近。主要的参数包括:几何尺寸,晶片的声学参数,此外考虑到实际使用的需要更换探头的声头在外形上要与原来一致。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="96466"><section style="margin-right: auto;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: auto;"><section style="display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;"><section class="assistant" style="width:25px;"><img class="" data-ratio="1" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Y0IKJZGxxObKln6dVFb01O2YgCeE88wrq6zxaRSKYRp8ib1SzOpct7aDeiceq1CXhMgYdbJNVlQOuHngLXicxulAw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="34" data-width="100%" style="width:100%;display:block;"  /></section><section style="text-align:left;margin-top:15px;margin-left:-1px;"><section class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" style="display: inline-block;background: rgb(204, 205, 240);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 4px 2em;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">PART05&nbsp; &nbsp;外壳故障</section></section><section class="assistant" style="flex:1;height:1px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);margin-top: -15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background:#fefefe;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="135brush" style="padding: 2em 1em 1em;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box;"><p><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;"><br  />  超声探头的外壳比较多的是声头外壳,其它部位的破损通常多是由于意外所致。由于声头外壳破裂后会导致耦合剂渗透到探头内部,引起声头晶片的氧化合腐蚀,所以声头外壳的故障也需要尽快修理,防止故障越来越大。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="96466"><section style="margin-right: auto;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: auto;"><section style="display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;"><section class="assistant" style="width:25px;"><img class="" data-ratio="1" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Y0IKJZGxxObKln6dVFb01O2YgCeE88wrq6zxaRSKYRp8ib1SzOpct7aDeiceq1CXhMgYdbJNVlQOuHngLXicxulAw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="34" data-width="100%" style="width:100%;display:block;"  /></section><section style="text-align:left;margin-top:15px;margin-left:-1px;"><section class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" style="display: inline-block;background: rgb(204, 205, 240);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 4px 2em;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">PART06&nbsp; &nbsp;各种故障的维修措施</section></section><section class="assistant" style="flex:1;height:1px;"><br  /></section><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);letter-spacing: 1.5px;background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);caret-color: red;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-weight: 700;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp;</span></section><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);margin-top: -15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background:#fefefe;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="135brush" style="padding: 2em 1em 1em;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box;"><p><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;"><br  />  <span style="overflow-wrap: break-word;font-weight: 700;">1:声透镜与匹配层故障的维修措施&nbsp;</span></span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">  1-1更换新的探头 在发现声透镜与匹配层故障时,首先要看设备是否还处于保修期内,如果处于保修期之内,且非人为损坏,应当尽快联系设备销商予以更换;对于声透镜与匹配层故障不严重,可修复后正常使用的探头,可采取下述自行黏合的方法。</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">  1-2 自行黏合 对于声透镜与匹配层的开裂、脱胶与起泡等,首先清洁裂缝,之后在声透镜层与匹配层之间注入液体硅橡胶黏合剂并去除气泡,然后用软棉布带用力将探头捆紧,保持至少24h,之后松开,两层之间开裂的缝隙与气泡消失,探头可恢复正常。此方法黏合的探头,经过实践证明效果很好,因为液体硅橡胶黏合剂不仅能将裂缝填充、黏合,而且其本身的无腐蚀性及防水性对长期保护声透镜及防止耦合剂腐蚀声透镜与匹配层结合的作用显著。</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">  <span style="overflow-wrap: break-word;font-weight: 700;">2:晶体故障的维修&nbsp;</span></span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 对于晶体故障的维修首先要找到问题晶体,然后予以更换。寻找问题晶体的方法推荐以下2种。&nbsp;</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 2-1 测量每个或每组晶体的供电电压,因为正常的晶体或晶体组供电电压都是相仿的,当其出现问题时会出现供电电压减低的情况,固此法可有效的判断问题晶体或晶体组。&nbsp;</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">  2-2测量每个晶体的插针引脚相对地的电容值,正常的晶体在规定容值内,当其出现问题时会出现不在容值内的情况,此法可有效的判断问题晶体。&nbsp;</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">  <span style="overflow-wrap: break-word;font-weight: 700;">3:电路板故障的维修</span>&nbsp;</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 电路板故障的维修基本程序与晶体故障一样,首先要找出问题元件,然后予以更换。根据需要使用相应的测量仪器如万用表等,因为需要检查的项目多,比较费时费力。&nbsp;</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">  <span style="overflow-wrap: break-word;font-weight: 700;">4:电缆线故障的维修&nbsp;</span></span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 电缆线故障的维修的基本思路是接通,即将断开的电缆线重新焊接,</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 具体步骤是:</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; ①打开外套,横行剖开屏蔽线,找出断裂部分,整理好焊接后用专用胶带缠绕隔离好;</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; ②利用万用表检查其连通状态;</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; ③连通正常后,将该电缆线的屏蔽接好再次缠绕专用胶带;</span><br style="overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(68, 68, 68);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;"  /><span style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-family: 宋体;">&nbsp; &nbsp; ④最后,将整理接通号的电缆线放回外套内并且用强力胶带作固定,以防割开处发生再次折断。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><p>&nbsp; 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