【扩散】高致死率病毒MERS，你急需知道的八大知识！

admin · 发表于 2020-10-20 00:39:13

<fieldset label="小黄人科技" style="">中东呼吸综合症来了！国家卫生和计划生育委员会日前通报，广东省惠州市出现首例输入性中东呼吸综合征（MERS）确诊病例。这让很多人感到恐慌！<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"> <p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">博爱君综合国内传染病专家的观点，这8大知识一定要知道！</fieldset> <img data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/pSPpMZ6hLacXsRM672xicdx05E9E9cWhKCLGn76gpqicplTwJKkiaIAujhtzYribFqKxVsPkGsv1FlMat4Js8eib8kA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.584493041749503" data-w="" url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/nibSkccLFU8ne9dfX7HxBq5XDk7HmokTdBiaqtibuZgSjf7s5KfLhnd3oKMz3IKNQCOyWRrX2kf7jAFecrMZMh3Cw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" file_id="206611190" format="jpeg" source="lib" width="auto" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/pSPpMZ6hLacXsRM672xicdx05E9E9cWhKCLGn76gpqicplTwJKkiaIAujhtzYribFqKxVsPkGsv1FlMat4Js8eib8kA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; width: auto !important; visibility: visible !important;" /> <fieldset label="Copyright Reserved by ipaiban.com." style=""><span class="color" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 30px; max-width: 100%; background-image: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: rgb(0, 88, 156); width: 894px; display: block; color: rgb(0, 88, 156); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); height: 28px; line-height: 28px; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">认识MERS：</section></fieldset>中东呼吸综合征（Middle Eastrespiratory syndrome，MERS）是由一种新型冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）感染而引起的病毒性呼吸道疾病，2012年在沙特阿拉伯首次被发现。冠状病毒是一组能够导致人类和动物感染发病的病毒，能够引起人类发生从普通感冒到严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）的多种疾病。<fieldset label="Copyright Reserved by ipaiban.com." style=""><span class="color" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 30px; max-width: 100%; background-image: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: rgb(0, 88, 156); width: 638px; display: block; color: rgb(0, 88, 156); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); height: 28px; line-height: 28px; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">一旦感染有啥症状？</section></fieldset><img data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/pSPpMZ6hLacXsRM672xicdx05E9E9cWhKsoCIwcTZgckxWb5Ykc1utJyJAqVsia7pnjf6nDhQjiceYG76zlmR4Kfw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.7233333333333334" data-w="300" width="auto" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/pSPpMZ6hLacXsRM672xicdx05E9E9cWhKsoCIwcTZgckxWb5Ykc1utJyJAqVsia7pnjf6nDhQjiceYG76zlmR4Kfw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; width: auto !important; visibility: visible !important;" /> MERS感染早期与一般感冒类似，出现咳嗽、发热，之后可能有呼吸急促、腹痛等症状。后期疾病进展可导致全身器官衰竭乃至死亡。 病例典型症状包括发热、咳嗽和气短等，检查中常可发现肺炎。腹泻等胃肠道症状也有报道。 重症病例可导致呼吸衰竭，需要机械通气和重症监护。部分病例可出现器官衰竭，尤其是肾衰竭和感染性休克。<fieldset label="Copyright Reserved by ipaiban.com." style=""><span class="color" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 30px; max-width: 100%; background-image: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: rgb(0, 88, 156); width: 638px; display: block; color: rgb(0, 88, 156); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); height: 28px; line-height: 28px; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">病死率是SARS五倍？</section></fieldset><img data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/pSPpMZ6hLacXsRM672xicdx05E9E9cWhKqC5PzLyXzZgRdoaG5YibBibNNWl5XH3S5v6bfBIEYzzO4t2snFE04iaibQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.5486725663716814" data-w="452" width="auto" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/pSPpMZ6hLacXsRM672xicdx05E9E9cWhKqC5PzLyXzZgRdoaG5YibBibNNWl5XH3S5v6bfBIEYzzO4t2snFE04iaibQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; width: auto !important; visibility: visible !important;" /> 北京地坛医院感染中心主任医师蒋荣猛（据微信公众号“医心医意”）：高致死率是MERS的一个主要特点，它从发病到死亡的中位天数是12天，非典型性肺炎（SARS）则是21天。 以目前世界卫生组织给出的数据，MERS的病死率非常高，达到40.7%，一般情况下，SARS约为8%-9%之间，可见MERS确实是一个需要引起全世界重视的传染疾病。 <fieldset label="Copyright Reserved by ipaiban.com." style=""><span class="color" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 30px; max-width: 100%; background-image: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: rgb(0, 88, 156); width: 894px; display: block; color: rgb(0, 88, 156); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); height: 28px; line-height: 28px; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">传播效率远不及SARS</section></fieldset>蒋荣猛：MERS和SARS从很多临床表现来说有相似之处，不过具体还是有一些不同。其中最主要的就是MERS的传播效率没有SARS那么高。 10多年前在中国暴发的SARS之所以能造成那么严重的后果，主要跟所谓“超级传播者”有关。以北京为例，最多的一个人就传染了100多人，这样的情况是非常可怕的。相比之下，MERS没有那么快的传播速度，也就是为什么从发现首个病例到现在3年多，总的病例数也只有1000多人。 北京地坛医院感染性疾病诊疗中心陈志海（据中新网）：MERS可以通过呼吸道传播、接触传播，目前没有证据证明可以通过消化道传播，但已经在骆驼奶中检测到MERS病毒。<fieldset label="Copyright Reserved by ipaiban.com." style=""><span class="color" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 30px; max-width: 100%; background-image: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: rgb(0, 88, 156); width: 638px; display: block; color: rgb(0, 88, 156); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); height: 28px; line-height: 28px; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">有可用的疫苗可预防吗？</section></fieldset>目前尚无可用的疫苗或特异性治疗方法。<fieldset label="Copyright Reserved by ipaiban.com." style=""><span class="color" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 30px; max-width: 100%; background-image: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: rgb(0, 88, 156); width: 894px; display: block; color: rgb(0, 88, 156); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); height: 28px; line-height: 28px; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">早发现早治疗是关键</section></fieldset>蒋荣猛：MERS之所以致死率高，除了目前没有特效药物外，很多情况下病例发现偏晚和治疗水平相对落后也是不可忽视的主要原因。 因为97.8%的病例发生在中东，尤其是在沙特地区，医疗条件的落后在客观上耽误了很多本可以在发病早期接受治疗的患者，当他们最终被送往医院时，不仅多数都需要ICU治疗，也导致了高致死率的发生。 最关键还是早发现早治疗，如果真的出现发热或其他呼吸道症状，甚至是不明原因的腹泻等，一定要尽早去医院治疗，相关接触过的人员也要隔离观察。<fieldset label="Copyright Reserved by ipaiban.com." style=""><span class="color" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 30px; max-width: 100%; background-image: none; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: rgb(0, 88, 156); width: 638px; display: block; color: rgb(0, 88, 156); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat repeat;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px; max-width: 100%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); height: 28px; line-height: 28px; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">日常预防四点建议</section></fieldset><img data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/pSPpMZ6hLacXsRM672xicdx05E9E9cWhKk9dakaoIagLWTGoAIweDJ6NOtDH9o6SRlcOOicticplsbSp7iboqAYMoQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.522633744855967" data-w="486" width="auto" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/pSPpMZ6hLacXsRM672xicdx05E9E9cWhKk9dakaoIagLWTGoAIweDJ6NOtDH9o6SRlcOOicticplsbSp7iboqAYMoQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; width: auto !important; visibility: visible !important;" />1.尽量减少前往高危区域，如病毒始发地中东地区，及近期有病例报告的国家（如韩国）和地区。如果非去中东不可，别碰骆驼，别进食与之有关的不洁饮食，如骆驼奶、骆驼肉等，吃之前要煮得熟透。 2.勤洗手，勤消毒，不要用不干净的手接触食物、嘴巴和眼睛。3.尽量避免在人群密集的场所长时间停留。4.如果近期有可能接触过患者，应到医院报告及进行病原体检测。<fieldset label="Copyright Reserved by ipaiban.com." style=""><span class="color" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 30px; max-width: 100%; background-image: none; 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