呼吸机间歇正压通气及其临床应用

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                    <section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201019/3cf83318befefb7549e9f5dfd22f396d_1.gif" /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>间歇正压通气</p></section><p><img src="image/20201019/eec46cb2b64cda1d67d36e7e261efc92_2.png" /></p> <section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;间歇正压通气(intermittent positive pressure ventilation,IPPV)指由呼吸机完全控制患者的吸气和呼气。可根据产生通气的机制分为容量控制通气和压力控制通气。使用者设定呼吸频率，潮气量或通气压力后，由呼吸机在规定时间内向患者的肺送气。送气停止后，靠患者胸廓和肺本身的弹性回缩力将气体呼出体外。如此周而复始地充气、呼气，完成通气和气体交换功能。容量控制通气压力波形示意图。</p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201019/28f505060b4d773abac967ffd133a1d8_3.jpg" /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>临床应用</p></section><p><img src="image/20201019/eec46cb2b64cda1d67d36e7e261efc92_2.png" /></p> <section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; IPPV具有不需自主呼吸触发，易保证通气量和可使呼吸肌完全休息等优点。此外还可应用于镇静或麻醉药引起的呼吸中枢抑制，实施非生理性特殊通气（如反比通气、分侧通气、低频通气、允许性高碳酸血症通气或目标性过度通气治疗颅内高压时）及测定呼吸力学参数时。但由于其不受自主呼吸调节及呼吸肌不活动等问题，易引起下列并发症：（1）明显影响血流动力学。（2）长期应用可产生呼吸肌废用性萎缩。（3）可发生过度通气或低通气。（4）易发生人机对抗，有时需用镇静剂。因此，待患者自主呼吸功和呼吸肌疲劳恢复后，即应采用间歇指令通气、同步间歇指令通气或压力支持通气等。</p><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>欢</p></section></section></section></section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>迎</p></section></section></section></section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>关</p></section></section></section></section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>注</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201019/ed428cf1430be9f4c893922f6ff44a5f_5.jpg" /></p></section></section></section></section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section></section></section></section></section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p>关注我们</p><p>一起涨姿势！</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section>