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<section data-role="paragraph" data-color="rgb(182, 228, 253)" data-custom="rgb(182, 228, 253)"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/86b79d371e9862b01189f0252a03b2cd_1.png" /></p></p></section><section><section><span><strong></strong></span></section><p><span>医疗器械媒体报道先锋</span></p><p><span>分享专业医疗器械知识</span></p></section><section><section><section><span>关注</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><br /></p><p><span>这两天一篇文章《</span><a target="_blank" href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA5OTUwOTE0Ng==&mid=2650599492&idx=1&sn=88d57c2e77c408ff7e0a822b7812518b&scene=21#wechat_redirect" textvalue="6种国产新型冠状病毒核酸检测试剂检测性能比较与分析" tab="innerlink" data-linktype="2"><span>6种国产新型冠状病毒核酸检测试剂检测性能比较与分析</span></a><span>》刷屏了,这篇文章引爆了一个点,就是大家都在质疑的“<strong>假阴性</strong>”在对比试验中出现了。但是这篇文章真的严谨么?</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span>引用一句评论:“<strong>外行看热闹,内行看笑话</strong>”。</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span>在当下疫情关键时刻,针对检测试剂或者诊疗方法的研究论证<strong>一定要严谨</strong>。当然研究的出发点是没有问题的,但是数据缺少说服力却又成功误导了大众。</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span>甚至在本文发表之前,该文章被某证券时报引用,某企业<strong>C位出道</strong>,这个就确实有点过了。</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span>大家有兴趣的可以去读读另一篇中华医学会检验分会发布的有关新冠核酸检测试剂性能的文章</span><a target="_blank" href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA3OTQwNjUxMQ==&mid=2692133353&idx=1&sn=941326693cb1dc6e1054bf6071865f92&scene=21#wechat_redirect" textvalue="《贵州省新型冠状病毒核酸检测质量现场考核结果分析》" tab="innerlink" data-linktype="2"><span>《贵州省新型冠状病毒核酸检测质量现场考核结果分析》</span></a><span>。</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span>今天也给大家分析一下《6种国产新型冠状病毒核酸检测试剂检测性能比较与分析》这篇文章到底<strong>哪里不严谨</strong>?</span></p><p><br /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="86516"><section><p data-brushtype="text"><span><strong><span>1. 样本例数过少</span></strong></span></p></section></section><p><br /></p><p><span>这个点应该是本篇文章被<strong>cue最多的地方</strong>,当然临床阳性的病例在重庆地区是比较少的,只能拿1例患者多次取样来做,这个是<strong>客观条件</strong>。</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span>但是临床样本过少会导致一个什么问题,患者的<strong>个体差异会被无限放大</strong>。</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span>如果整个碰到这个患者个体差异与试剂盒相互影响,那么重复多少次结果都是不好的。</span></p><p><br /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="86516"><section><p data-brushtype="text"><span><strong><span>2. 用了同样的提取,但没有避嫌</span></strong></span></p></section></section><p><br /></p><p><span>为了使每种试剂盒保持在同一个起跑线上,文章采用了某个提取试剂来<strong>统一提取核酸</strong>,同一款PCR仪器来扩增。从表面上看并没有什么问题。</span><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><span>但是做分子试剂盒的都知道,提取试剂和检测试剂盒之间还是有一定的<strong>适配性</strong>的,每家的产品的扩增体系不一样,所以其核酸提取试剂多多少少会有差异,比如说<strong>磁珠法提取后的少量磁珠残留可能就会影响扩增</strong>。</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span>使用<strong>7500的PCR</strong>仪没有问题,如果这个适配做不好,我觉得是企业的问题。但是使用对比试剂里面的厂家的提取方法来提取核酸显然是不够严谨的。</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span>要么就把标本混匀稀释用各自产品推荐的步骤方法来检测,要统一<strong>提取核酸</strong>,可以使用业内比较<strong>认可专业核酸提取试剂</strong>,比如说凯杰的病毒核酸提取试剂,这样大家就在同一个起跑线上了。</span></p><p><br /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="86516"><section><p data-brushtype="text"><span><strong><span>3. 两张扩增对比图,纵坐标不一致</span></strong></span></p></section></section><p><br /></p><p><span>文中对比了C和F两个试剂的扩增曲线,但是细心的网友也发现,两张图的纵坐标相<strong>差近8倍</strong>,一个0-25000/一个1-100000。</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span>如果这么来看扩增峰型会有一些失真的,误导读者。F试剂200K的峰型比C试剂500K的峰型还要高。</span></p><p><br /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="86516"><section><p data-brushtype="text"><span><strong><span>4. 应按照说明书判读阴阳性</span></strong></span></p></section></section><p><br /></p><p><span>从6个产品的扩增参数来看,每个企业都有差别,最少的<strong>30个循环</strong>,最多的<strong>55个循环</strong>。它们所对应的阳性判断值和阴性判断值是不一样的,在超过阳性判断值但是出现CT值的时候,这时候不能因为出现CT值就判断是弱阳性。</span><strong><span>严格来讲应该按照试剂说明书的要求来判断</span></strong><span>。</span><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><span>比如说E试剂采用55个循环,但是其阴性判断值是CT值>38,但是大概率会因为55个循环导致出现很多CT值>40的情况,这种数据应该妥善处理。在超过其阴性判断值CT的样本在临床上<strong>要么复测,要么判阴性</strong>(符合判阴性的标准)。</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span>很多人想问,为什么这里CT值>38之后即便检出也是判阴呢?这个和试剂本身的特异性有关,在经过将近40多个循环之后,越往后所出现的曲线<strong>非特异性扩增的可能性越高</strong>,也就是可信度越低。</span></p><p><br /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="86516"><section><p data-brushtype="text"><span><strong><span>5. CV<span>值的计算</span></span></strong></span></p></section></section><p><br /></p><p><span>关于这个CV值计算的合不合理,我也是存疑的,留给评论区</span></p><p><br /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="86516"><section><p data-brushtype="text"><span><strong><span>6.病毒保存液</span></strong></span></p></section></section><p><br /></p><p><span>根据现在新冠病毒咽拭子样本采集来看,文中的咽拭子标本应该也是使用了病毒保存液,其实这个就和提取试剂一样,对于核酸检测也是有一定的影响。</span></p><p><br /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="86516"><section><p data-brushtype="text"><span><strong><span>7.1例样本评说<span>6</span>家产品</span></strong></span></p></section></section><p><br /></p><p><span>1例样本评说当下6家主流新冠核酸检测产品,<strong>出于试剂优化和改进的角度</strong>是没有问题的,但是还是有点欠妥,因为1例标本得出的也是结论,在这个敏感时刻容易造成一种恶性传播。</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span>还有一个点是,研究结论也只能证明用作研究的批次需要再次改进或者优化,据我所知,当下各个企业的新冠产品优化工作在持续进行中,批次与批次之间的差异还是有的。毕竟疫情来的突然,产品还不是处于稳定期的产品,管中窥豹,有些欠妥。</span></p><p><span><br /></span></p><p><strong><span>IVD从业者观点</span></strong><span>:</span><span>这种新冠产品的评测论述在大家质疑核酸“假阴性”的时期,应该有!</span><span>但要基于严谨的科学论证、合理的研究得出结论,毕竟抗疫时刻,动一动翅膀可能就是一场风雨。</span><span>期待后面有权威机构推出基于更多临床样本的测评结果。</span></p><p><br /></p><section data-tools="gulangu" data-id="94534"><section data-width="95%"><section><section><section data-autoskip="1"><p><span>放在平时,可能这篇文章躺在知网里都没人点开,但在特殊时期就会被放大,因此本文也是一次放大。</span></p><p><span><br /></span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by gulangu"><section data-role="paragraph" data-color="#27939d"><p><a data-miniprogram-appid="wxdc7efe409d688f37" data-miniprogram-path="pages/index/index" data-miniprogram-nickname="智械采购" href="" data-miniprogram-type="image" data-miniprogram-servicetype="" href=""><p><img src="image/20201014/8edb31f87313bf5aa17544207dad3968_2.gif" /></p></a></p><p><br /></p></section></section><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by gulangu"><section data-role="paragraph" 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