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<section><section><section><section><section><section data-color="rgb(182, 228, 253)" data-custom="rgb(182, 228, 253)"><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/86b79d371e9862b01189f0252a03b2cd_1.jpg" /></p></p></section><section><section><span><strong></strong></span></section><p><span>医疗器械媒体报道先锋</span></p><p><span>分享专业医疗器械知识</span></p></section><section><section><section><span>关注</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section data-autoskip="1"><section><section><section><span>中国制造业目前已取得了举世瞩目的成就，从落后挨打，到现在巨龙腾飞，中国制造人付出了巨大心血和努力。然而不可否认的是，中国目前许多产品仍然高度依赖进口，中国制造在这些领域的研发和生产依然存在难以攻破的技术难关。这其中有关乎中国工业命脉的核心产品，也有和我们生活息息相关的工业零部件，今天小编就来为大家盘点中国严重依赖进口的20项产品！</span></section><section><span><br /></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>01</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>高端数控机床</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/50f1bc17a4833b3a41161fc70400bf93_2.jpg" /></p></p></section></section></section><section><br /></section><section><span>机床是现代制造的基础，没有机床的支撑，现代制造将寸步难行。随着时代和科技的发展，制造业对精密加工的要求越来越高，更高精度的产品不得不依赖高端数控机床。目前国内的高性能机床基本上都是从德国、美国、日本这些国家进口，高端数控机床自给率不足10%，虽然我国不断加大对高端机床的研发投入，但国产机床精度和使用寿命远远达不到世界同类水平。</span></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>02</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>芯片</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/2b6fb3223c96be2b6c46007396531536_3.jpg" /></p></p></section></section><section><section><section><br /></section><section><span>小到平时使用的智能手机，大到登月用的超级计算机，芯片可以说是无处不在。2018年中国芯片市场超过4000亿美元，然而令人遗憾的是中国核心集成电路国产芯片占有率多项为0，贸易逆差高达1657亿美元，芯片之痛是中国制造难以抹去的阴影。尽管我国正在加大攻关芯片技术的力度，但中国企业在全球芯片产业格局中仍处于中低端领域，目前中国能自主制造类比、分离等低端芯片，但逻辑、存储等高端芯片目前都无法自给。</span></section><section><span><br /></span></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>03</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>光刻机</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/3dd6acef71b027c4fe3972b9bda13a70_4.jpg" /></p><section><br /></section><section><span>光刻机被誉为芯片之母，国产芯片的匮乏一定程度上源于光刻机的无力。目前制造高端芯片的光刻机，全球只用荷兰ASML和日本尼康和佳能拥有，其中荷兰的ASML占据全球份额的87.4％，由于受到美国的影响，这些精端装备是是禁止向中国出口的，这些核心装备是用钱买不来的，只能靠中国人自己的智慧和双手。如今半导体工业正在挑战的制程工艺为5nm和7nm，这个尺寸不到头发丝直径的万分之一。在这个精度条件下加工，任何传统的加工方式都毫无用武之地，“工欲善其事，必先利其器”，要想半导体产业突破技术封锁，要想开发先进的半导体制程，就必须要有先进的光刻机。</span></section></section></section><section><br /></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>04</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>操作系统</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/1975294bd8dd1036ab63b62021671183_5.jpg" /></p></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><br /></section><section><span>尽管国产智能手机已取得世界领先地位，但在智能手机的操作系统上中国仍一片空白。目前谷歌的Android操作系统市场占比高达81.5%，苹果IOS占比18.4%，美帝几乎垄断了整个智能手机的操作系统市场。中国要想真正实现智能手机的自主生产，操作系统的空白是永远绕不开的问题。而建设操作系统最重要的软件生态系统，需要芯片厂商、系统厂商、软件厂商的数年如一日地共同协作。</span></section><section><span><br /></span></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>05</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>医疗器械</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section><section><br /></section></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/808a5e79dede0d68335e440ec56aff03_6.jpg" /></p></p><section><section><section><br /></section><section><span>医疗器械是指直接或间接用于人体的仪器、设备、器具、体外诊断试剂及校准物、 材料及其他类似或者相关的物品， 包括所需要的软件， 主要用于医疗诊断、监护和治疗。没有医疗器械，中国上亿医患病人难以得到及时救治。尽管我国医疗行业日益完善，但很多医疗器械多进口于德国、日本、瑞士，这种高端精密仪器，一台设备的成本通常高达百万甚至千万。</span></section><section><br /><span>目前我国医疗器械和发达国家的差距主要体现在高端产品上。国产医疗器械同质化严重,例如我国仅生产输液器、注射器的企业就有200多家，缺乏差异化和创新意识。</span></section><section><span><br /></span></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>06</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>航空发动机</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/a2f2518d42eba00ab702277d179b573d_7.jpg" /></p></p><section><section><section><br /></section><section><span>中国的火箭能去月球，四代战机能自主研发，但航空发动机依然高度依赖进口。目前世界航发领域，美国英国的航空发动机的霸主地位难以撼动，美国普惠（PW：普拉特·惠特尼）、通用（GE：通用电气）和英国的罗罗（RR：罗尔斯·罗伊斯，又名劳斯莱斯）牢牢占据航发三甲的位置，国产发动机市场占有率不足1%。航空发动机的缺失不仅关乎我国民航事业的发展，更已成为制约我国空军战力的一个去重要因素。以我国的J-20战机为例，歼-20在早期发动机远远落后于F-22装备的F119，无法进行超音速巡航，而超音速巡航是四代机的一个重要标准，所以只能在气动布局上做文章。可以说没有国产航空发动机的突破，就没有我国空军的未来。</span></section><section><span><br /></span></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>07</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>汽车发动机</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/ffe56cec47ffa751c5bef791b056b0b5_8.jpg" /></p></p><section><br /></section><section><section><section><span>目前国产发动机依然喜欢买别人技术、捡别人淘汰的技术，导致国产汽车品牌质量跟不上同期的合资企业和进口汽车，国产发动机无论在制程、可靠度与国外都有较大差距。在自主品牌快速发展的今天，国产车在外观设计和车身做工上进步非常大，某些优秀产品在这些方面甚至可以赶超合资，但再好的外观设计和做工依然弥补不了发动机的短，一台优秀的发动机将是国产汽车赢得消费者信赖的重要基础。</span></section><section><span><br /></span></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>08</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>船舶柴油发动机</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/e975468763f1d27da9bfe84ebba395b1_9.jpg" /></p></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><br /></section><section><span>中国造船技术位居世界前列，但在船舶柴油发动机却高度依赖进口，国内在船舶动力装置中，有95%以上为柴油机动力装置，而世界上的船舶柴油机基本被MAN B&W柴油机公司和瓦锡兰公司垄断。不仅船舶发动机市场被国外牢牢占据，专利封锁也难以突围。曾有报导称国内中西部地区有一家国有企业制造了300多台船舶用中速机，赢利上亿元，可是当该企业在缴纳知识产权费后，盈余所剩无几。国产发动机要想厚积薄发，突破专利封锁成为重中之重。</span></section></section></section><section><br /></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>09</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>高端传感器</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/7f90a380d999b1feaa73ce5483cfc91b_10.jpg" /></p></p></section></section><section><section><section><br /></section><section><span>无论是智能手机、智能硬件还是智能家居，高端传感器可谓无处不在，高端传感器已成为数字化时代的基础配件。目前我国最缺乏的是高端的、灵敏的传感器。就总体水平而言，国产的传感器产品仍以中低端为主，技术水平相对落后。中国市场上的中高端传感器进口占比达80%，数字化、智能化、微型化产品严重欠缺。</span></section></section></section><section><br /></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>10</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>转辙机</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/07382f657664ea1d7e973db9ebc6c9c3_11.jpg" /></p></p><section><br /></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><span>转辙机是道岔控制系统的执行机构，它可以很好地保证行车安全，提高运输效率，改善行车人员的劳动强度。目前我国自主生产的ZD6转辙机精度远远不及西门子S700K，达不到使用要求，只能依赖进口。</span></section><section><br /></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>11</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>高端轴承</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/5f398cc27c3b5cfb26992e973060f24f_12.jpg" /></p></p></section></section><section><section><section><br /></section><section><span>在我们的生活中轴承几乎无处不在，小到路边的共享单车、家里的家用电器，大到上天的宇宙飞船，下水的航空母舰，没有轴承这一切都无法存在。然而应用于精密机床的主轴承，我国在技术上仍处于一片空白。滚动轴承的精度一般分为P0、P6、P5、P4和P2五个等级，用于精密机床主轴上的轴承精度应为P5及以上级，而对于数控机床、加工中心等高速、哈尔滨轴承高精密机床的主轴支承，则需选用P4及以上级超精密轴承。P4及以上级超精密轴承对技术性能和可靠性要求很高，国内需求的一半以上都依赖进口。</span></section><section><span><br /></span></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>12</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>大型机</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section><section><br /></section></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/ab0938092952482e7f303874160bac48_13.jpg" /></p></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><br /></section><section><span>大型机也被称为大型主机，依靠其强大的数据存储能力和安全性某些重要行业具备了“不可替代性”。大型机担着企业、机构最核心的应用，例如银行的资金交易，用户数据等等。如果四大行这样的大银行大型机出了大故障，银行转账和ATM机都将瘫痪，我们日常使用的移动支付将无法正常运作。如此重要的企业设备中国却严重依赖进口，其主要原因在国产大型机安全性和可靠性远远落后于IBM。</span></section><section><br /></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>13</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>透射电子显微镜</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/2be3e013ba72d657ffabf094ca8a9dcf_14.jpg" /></p></p></section></section><section><section><section><br /></section><section><span>透射电子显微镜是利用高能电子束，充当照明光源而进行放大成像的大型显微分析设备。相比于光学显微镜，透射电子显微镜可以看到看清小于0.2um的细微结构，是我国科研领域重要器械。目前我国还无法生产高精度的透射电子显微镜，高校和科研机构使用的电镜大多进口自美国、日本和荷兰。</span></section><section><br /></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>14</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>数控刀具</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><img src="image/20201014/256ed43fa874247bb29fb898932b4917_15.jpg" /></p></section></section><section><section><section><br /></section><section><span>数控刀具是工业生产的牙齿，没有刀具原材料的加工就是无稽之谈。目前国产数控刀具在工艺和图层工艺上和进口的还是有很大的差距，精度和耐用性都不如进口刀具，再加上高端机床技术的缺失，我国数控刀具只能依赖进口。</span></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><br /></p><p><strong>15</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>高精度机械手</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/cb53e4c2533c457a480d757457875397_16.jpg" /></p></p><section><section><section><br /></section><section><span>机械手是工业机器人的最重要的部件之一，随着中国制造业逐步走向数字化、智能化对工业机器人的精度要求也越来越高。目前世界上最先进的KUKA工业机器人，凭借其灵活的机械手已经能和乒乓球世界冠军进行比赛，而我国依然无法生产高精度的机械手，导致我国工业机器人自主生产严重落后。</span></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><br /></section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>16</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>基因检测仪</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/89e3f9ec61b90ecb1c2125358efffbe2_17.jpg" /></p></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><br /></section><section><span>前段时间网上爆出的基因编辑婴儿事件引起了广泛关注，许多人以为我国已掌握基因编辑技术，然而令人遗憾的是中国连一台基因检测仪都造不出来。基因测序仪诞生于1986年，目前已经走过了30多年，其中超过99%的设备都是美国研发、设计和生产的，如果没有美国的先进机器作为技术支撑，中国的基因工程将举步维艰。</span></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><br /></section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>17</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>真空蒸镀机</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/acd29d1336c8999137765bcf7dc28638_18.jpg" /></p></p><section><br /></section><section><span>随着搭载京东方OLED 屏幕的华为mate20的上市，国产OLED 屏幕在国际市场上将扮演着越来越重要的角色。然而作为OLED面板制程的“心脏“：真空蒸镀机，其核心技术仍然牢牢掌握在日本Canon Tokki手里。Canon Tokki的年产量通常只有几台到十几台之间，还没出厂就被抢购一空，可谓有钱也买不到。它能把有机发光材料蒸镀到基板上的误差控制在5微米内，没有其他公司的蒸镀机能达到这个精准度。目前我国还没有生产蒸镀机的企业，在这个领域我们没有发言权。</span></section></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><br /></section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>18</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>感光干膜</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/cc1f2d82bcc5855b4594cd213f656d62_19.jpg" /></p></p></section></section><section><section><section><br /></section><section><span>感光干膜是一种特殊的制造印制电路板（PCB）的专用品，通常由聚乙烯膜、光致抗蚀剂膜和聚酯薄膜三部分组成。感光干膜主要作用是隔绝氧气、分层和避免机械划伤，没有它电路板的寿命将大幅下降。2017年我国光致抗蚀干膜产量约0.7亿平方米，仅占国内消费量的1/3，绝大部分依赖进口。</span></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><br /></section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>19</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>抗癌药</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/5bbd1f8dfba214aecdd6617e4a5bae18_20.jpg" /></p></p></section></section><section><br /></section><section><span>《我不是药神》第一次引起人们对于进口药价的思考，进口药之所以售价如此之高一方面是国外制药企业高昂的研发投入，另一方面也源于国产创新药缺失。2017年我国肿瘤药规模超过1400亿，但其中95%依赖进口。一种新药对于癌症患者来说是救命稻草，但对于制药企业来说是6-10年上百亿元的研发投入。让中国癌症患者早日吃上廉价的国产药，中国制造企业仍有很长路要走。</span></section><section><span><br /></span></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="undefined"><section data-style-type="5"><section><article><section><section data-wxsrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v4vz52CcB13K0y1mCNoDfAMJ4nqJkGapwWvOAGDMSmpVc8hFEia1zeqpKgESrWbIAQsAeUBAUp1GCb7bP97fJEA/0"><section><section data-mpa-template-id="1396266" data-mpa-color="null" data-mpa-category="fav"><section data-mid="t5"><section data-mid=""><section><span><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="22631"><section><section><p><strong>20</strong></p></section><section><p><strong>数码相机</strong></p></section></section></section></span></section><section><br /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></article></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/cba8e6d8d8153f456012698873de9f42_21.jpg" /></p></p></section></section><section><section><section><br /></section><section><span>中国的火箭都上太空了，却造不出一台小小的数码相机，难道数码相机制造工艺要求比火箭还高吗？</span></section><section><br /></section><section><span>其实还真是，单反数码相机技术门槛很高，需要最前沿的光学、电子、机械技术相结合。像如今单反相机的快门速度可以达到1/4000秒，部分高端机型甚至达到1/8000秒如此高速的快门对加工精度和可靠度有着极其严苛的要求，中国机械加工条件目前还难以达到这样的水平。</span></section><section><br /></section><section><span>来源：深度研究</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><span></span></section><p><br /></p></section><section><section><section><section data-color="#757576"><section><section><section data-brushtype="text"><strong>相关阅读</strong></section></section></section><section><section><section><br /></section></section></section><section data-width="100%"><section><section><section><section data-width="100%"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/2aac877ff9233ba5a66e7a5ff3a4febf_22.gif" /></p></section><section data-brushtype="text">戳一下，更有料！</section></section><section><br /></section><section><a target="_blank" href="http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA4NDIwMzUxMg==&mid=2652980685&idx=1&sn=88a2398eb9a9be23f433d7ff35a6bdfb&chksm=843f275ab348ae4cd42cefffca789fa6cedca31cdf3bd455aa1b7319a91d057231039bf3dd7c&scene=21#wechat_redirect" data-itemshowtype="0" tab="innerlink" 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发表于 2020-10-14 11:23:01